Sensales Gilda, Dal Secco Alessandra
Department of Psychology of Development and Socialization Processes, Sapienza University of Rome.
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, London Metropolitan University.
Hist Psychol. 2014 Feb;17(1):36-49. doi: 10.1037/a0035336. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
Establishing social psychology as a distinct field of study has been the object of heated debate over the first decades of the 20th century. Entrenched in different theoretical traditions, such as philosophy, sociology, psychology, and criminology, the development of the conceptual boundaries of social psychology as an autonomous science was the result of a historic effort. Resulting from a negotiation process between competing stances, some voices relevant to the identity construction of social psychology have been lost over time. Within the framework of a "polycentric" historical perspective valorizing local histories, the present study aims to scrutinize those early voices, which were later marginalized. To this scope, we conducted a narrative analysis on the first volumes explicitly naming social psychology in their titles and identified the main themes, conceptual frameworks, and scientific advancements. The analysis illustrates the work of Gualtiero Sarfatti and articulates his forgotten contribution to drawing social psychology as a distinct discipline, built on the scientific method and positioned within the psychological sociocentric tradition. Our analysis reveals the leading role of Sarfatti in the disciplinary foundation of social psychology as a psychological science based on the concept of social psyche. Yet despite the fact his contribution was influential in the scholarly community of his time, our work highlights how his voice vanished from the subsequent disciplinary developments to date, and suggests some explanations behind this neglect.
在20世纪的头几十年里，将社会心理学确立为一个独特的研究领域一直是激烈辩论的焦点。社会心理学作为一门独立科学的概念边界的发展，植根于哲学、社会学、心理学和犯罪学等不同的理论传统，是一项历史性努力的结果。由于不同立场之间的协商过程，一些与社会心理学身份建构相关的声音随着时间的推移而消失了。在重视地方历史的“多中心”历史视角框架内，本研究旨在审视那些后来被边缘化的早期声音。为此，我们对标题中明确提及社会心理学的首批卷册进行了叙事分析，确定了主要主题、概念框架和科学进展。分析阐述了瓜尔蒂耶罗·萨尔法蒂的工作，并阐明了他在将社会心理学描绘成一门基于科学方法并置于心理社会中心传统之内的独特学科方面被遗忘的贡献。我们的分析揭示了萨尔法蒂在社会心理学作为一门基于社会心理概念的心理科学的学科基础方面的主导作用。然而，尽管他的贡献在他那个时代的学术界有影响力，但我们的研究突出了他的声音如何从随后的学科发展中消失至今，并提出了这种忽视背后的一些解释。
