Casadevall Arturo, Enquist Lynn, Imperiale Michael J, Keim Paul, Osterholm Michael T, Relman David A
mBio. 2013 Dec 31;5(1):e00991-13. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00991-13.
The publication of scientific information that derives from dual use research of concern (DURC) poses major problems for journals because it brings into conflict the benefits of free access to data and the need to prevent misuse of that information by others. Recently, a group of authors and a major scientific journal addressed the issue of publishing information on a newly discovered, highly lethal toxin that can be delivered to large populations and for which there are no available countermeasures. The journal addressed this conflict by permitting the redaction of information that is normally considered essential for publication. This action establishes a precedent for redaction of sensitive data that also provides an example of responsible scientific publishing. However, this precedent leaves many questions unanswered and suggests a need for a discussion by all stakeholders of scientific information so as to derive normative standards for the publication of DURC.
源自两用关注研究（DURC）的科学信息的发表给期刊带来了重大问题，因为它使数据免费获取的益处与防止他人滥用该信息的需求产生了冲突。最近，一群作者和一家主要科学期刊探讨了发表关于一种新发现的、具有高度致死性的毒素的信息的问题，这种毒素可传播给大量人群且尚无可用的应对措施。该期刊通过允许编辑通常被认为是发表所必需的信息来解决这一冲突。这一行动为敏感数据的编辑树立了先例，同时也提供了负责任的科学出版的范例。然而，这一先例留下了许多未解答的问题，并表明需要所有科学信息利益相关者进行讨论，以便得出两用关注研究发表的规范标准。
