Macquarie University.
Dev Psychopathol. 2014 May;26(2):437-49. doi: 10.1017/S0954579413000989. Epub 2014 Jan 2.
The current study investigated the longitudinal relationships among behavioral inhibition (BI), life events, and anxiety in a sample of 102 BI children and 100 behaviorally uninhibited (BUI) children aged 3 to 4 years. Children's parents completed questionnaires on BI, stressful life events, and anxiety symptoms, and were administered a diagnostic interview three times in a 5-year period. In line with our hypotheses, negative life events, particularly negative behavior-dependent life events (i.e., life events that are related to the children's own behaviors), and the impact of negative life events were predictive of increases in subsequent anxiety symptoms, the likelihood of having an anxiety disorder, and increased number of anxiety diagnoses over the 5-year follow-up period. Experiencing more positive, behavior-independent life events decreased the risk of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Furthermore, differences were found in life events between BI and BUI children. That is, BI children experienced fewer positive and specifically positive behavior-dependent life events, and the impact of these positive life events was also lower in BI children than in BUI children. However, BI did not interact with life events in the prediction of anxiety problems as hypothesized. Therefore, this study seems to indicate that BI and life events act as additive risk factors in the development of anxiety problems.
本研究调查了行为抑制（BI）、生活事件和焦虑在 102 名 BI 儿童和 100 名行为不抑制（BUI）3 至 4 岁儿童样本中的纵向关系。儿童的父母完成了关于 BI、压力性生活事件和焦虑症状的问卷，并在 5 年内进行了 3 次诊断访谈。与我们的假设一致，负性生活事件，特别是负性行为相关的生活事件（即与儿童自身行为相关的生活事件），以及负性生活事件的影响，预测了随后焦虑症状的增加、焦虑障碍的发生几率以及在 5 年随访期间焦虑诊断的数量增加。经历更多的积极、行为独立的生活事件降低了被诊断为焦虑障碍的风险。此外，BI 和 BUI 儿童之间的生活事件存在差异。即 BI 儿童经历的积极生活事件，特别是积极的行为相关生活事件较少，而 BI 儿童经历的这些积极生活事件的影响也低于 BUI 儿童。然而，BI 并没有像假设的那样与生活事件在焦虑问题的预测中相互作用。因此，本研究似乎表明 BI 和生活事件是焦虑问题发展的附加风险因素。
