Miller Brett, O'Donnell Carol
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education.
School Psych Rev. 2013;42(2):123-139.
The cumulative body of eye movement research provides significant insight into how readers process text. The heart of this work spans roughly 40 years reflecting the maturity of both the topics under study and experimental approaches used to investigate reading. Recent technological advancements offer increased flexibility to the field providing the potential to more concertedly study reading and literacy from an individual differences perspective. Historically, eye movement research focused far less on developmental issues related to individual differences in reading; however, this issue and the broader change it represents signal a meaningful transition inclusive of individual differences. The six papers in this special issue signify the recent, increased attention to and recognition of eye movement research's transition to emphasize individual differences in reading while appreciating early contributions (e.g., Rayner, 1986) in this direction. We introduce these six papers and provide some historical context for the use of eye movement methodology to examine reading and context for the eye movement field's early transition to examining individual differences, culminating in future research recommendations.
眼动研究的累积成果为读者如何处理文本提供了重要的见解。这项工作的核心跨度约40年,反映了所研究主题和用于研究阅读的实验方法的成熟。最近的技术进步为该领域提供了更大的灵活性,使得有可能从个体差异的角度更协调一致地研究阅读和读写能力。从历史上看,眼动研究较少关注与阅读个体差异相关的发展问题;然而,这个问题及其所代表的更广泛的变化标志着一个包含个体差异的有意义的转变。本期特刊中的六篇论文表明,最近人们对眼动研究向强调阅读个体差异的转变给予了更多关注并予以认可,同时也赞赏了在此方向上的早期贡献(例如,Rayner,1986)。我们介绍这六篇论文,并为使用眼动方法研究阅读提供一些历史背景,以及眼动领域早期向研究个体差异转变的背景,最后提出未来的研究建议。