Department of Neuro-Psychopharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, PL 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
Pharmacol Rep. 2013;65(5):1043-55. doi: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71464-6.
A compelling body of evidence suggests that nitric oxide (NO), a unique gaseous neurotransmitter and neuromodulator plays a key role in the regulation of motor function. Recently, the interest of researchers concentrates on the NO - soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) - cyclic GMP (cGMP) signaling pathway in the striatum as a new target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of the study is to review the available literature referring to the role of NO in the integration of basal ganglia functions. First, attention has been focused on behavioral effects of NO donors and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors in the modulation of motor behavior. Then, disturbances in the nitrergic neurotransmission in PD and its 6-OHDA animal model have been presented. Moreover, the most current data demonstrating the contribution of both dopamine and glutamate to the regulation of NO biosynthesis in the striatum have been analyzed. Finally, the role of NO in the tonic and phasic dopamine release as well as in the regulation of striatal output pathways also has been discussed.
大量证据表明，一氧化氮（NO）作为一种独特的气态神经递质和神经调质，在运动功能调节中发挥着关键作用。最近，研究人员的兴趣集中在纹状体中的 NO-可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶（sGC）-环鸟苷酸（cGMP）信号通路，作为治疗帕金森病（PD）的新靶点。本研究旨在综述有关 NO 在基底神经节功能整合中的作用的现有文献。首先，关注了 NO 供体和神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）抑制剂在调节运动行为方面的行为效应。然后，介绍了 PD 中硝化神经传递的紊乱及其 6-OHDA 动物模型。此外，还分析了多巴胺和谷氨酸对纹状体中 NO 生物合成调节的最新数据。最后，还讨论了 NO 在紧张性和阶段性多巴胺释放以及纹状体输出途径调节中的作用。
