Kondo Y, Nakajima T
Cancer. 1987 Sep 1;60(5):1032-7. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19870901)60:5<1032::aid-cncr2820600518>3.0.co;2-k.
A histopathologic study of pseudoglandular formation was made by observing selected 39 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pseudoglands were most often derived from the dilatation of bile canaliculi (28/39). The dilated canaliculi were sometimes connected and divided a cell trabecula to give a pseudopapillary appearance. A second type was concerned with tumor cell necrosis and subsequent pseudoglandular formation (6/39). A rare variant similar to papillary carcinoma was also seen in this group. Third, five cases showed microglandular formation in an scirrhous environment thereby resembling cholangiocarcinoma or metastatic adenocarcinomas. Despite these confusing features, the overall tumor histologic features, in particular the existence of a characteristic trabecular growth pattern made it possible to determine all of the cases as HCC. The importance of noticing these variable manifestations of HCC is yet emphasized in regard to differential diagnosis of hepatic tumors. The glandular elements seen in two cases of combined HCC and cholangiocarcinoma differed in that they were positive for mucin staining. In addition, the tumor cells contained mucin-positive intracytoplasmic vacuoles similar to those observed in common mucin producing adenocarcinomas.
通过观察39例肝细胞癌（HCC）病例，对假腺管形成进行了组织病理学研究。假腺管最常源于胆小管扩张（28/39）。扩张的胆小管有时相连并将细胞小梁分开，呈现假乳头外观。第二种类型与肿瘤细胞坏死及随后的假腺管形成有关（6/39）。该组中还可见一种罕见的类似乳头状癌的变异型。第三，5例在硬化环境中出现微腺管形成，因而类似胆管癌或转移性腺癌。尽管存在这些混淆特征，但总体肿瘤组织学特征，特别是特征性小梁生长模式的存在，使得所有病例均能被诊断为HCC。在肝肿瘤的鉴别诊断方面，仍需强调注意HCC这些多样表现的重要性。2例HCC合并胆管癌病例中所见的腺管成分有所不同，其黏蛋白染色呈阳性。此外，肿瘤细胞含有与常见产黏蛋白腺癌中观察到的相似的黏蛋白阳性胞质内空泡。
