Research Institute for Pesticides and Water, University Jaume I, Avda. Sos Baynat, 12071, Castellón, Spain.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Apr;21(8):5496-510. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-2464-5. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
Pharmaceuticals, once ingested, are commonly metabolized in the body into more polar and soluble forms. These compounds might not be completely removed in the wastewater treatment plants and consequently being discharged into the aquatic ecosystem. In this work, a multi-class sensitive method for the analysis of 21 compounds, including 7 widely consumed pharmaceuticals and 14 relevant metabolites, has been developed based on the use of UHPLC-MS/MS in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The method was validated in six surface waters (SW) and six effluent wastewaters (EWW) at realistic concentration levels that can be found in waters. The optimized method was applied to the analysis of different types of water samples (rivers, lakes and effluent wastewater), detecting nearly all the parent compounds and metabolites investigated in this work. This fact illustrates that not only pharmaceuticals but also their metabolites are commonly present in these types of waters. Analytical research and monitoring programs should be directed not only towards parent pharmaceuticals but also towards relevant metabolites to have a realistic overview of the impact of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment.
药物一旦被摄入体内，通常会在体内代谢成极性更强、水溶性更高的形式。这些化合物在污水处理厂可能无法被完全去除，因此会被排放到水生生态系统中。在这项工作中，我们开发了一种基于超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）在选择反应监测（SRM）模式下分析 21 种化合物（包括 7 种广泛使用的药物和 14 种相关代谢物）的多类敏感方法。该方法在现实浓度水平下（可在水中检测到）在六种地表水（SW）和六种污水废水中进行了验证。优化后的方法应用于不同类型的水样（河流、湖泊和污水废水）的分析，检测到了本研究中调查的几乎所有的母体化合物和代谢物。这一事实表明，不仅是药物，其代谢物也通常存在于这些类型的水中。分析研究和监测计划不仅应针对母体药物，还应针对相关代谢物，以便对药物对水生环境的影响有一个现实的了解。
