Li Hao, Qiu Shaofu, Song Hongbin
Institute of Disease Control and Prevention of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100071, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2013 Oct 4;53(10):1025-30.
In survival competition with phage, bacteria and archaea gradually evolved the acquired immune system--Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), presenting the trait of transcribing the crRNA and the CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) to silence or cleaving the foreign double-stranded DNA specifically. In recent years, strong interest arises in prokaryotes primitive immune system and many in-depth researches are going on. Recently, researchers successfully repurposed CRISPR as an RNA-guided platform for sequence-specific gene expression, which provides a simple approach for selectively perturbing gene expression on a genome-wide scale. It will undoubtedly bring genome engineering into a more convenient and accurate new era.
在与噬菌体的生存竞争中，细菌和古生菌逐渐进化出获得性免疫系统——成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR），其具有转录CRISPR RNA（crRNA）和CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）以特异性沉默或切割外源双链DNA的特性。近年来，人们对原核生物的原始免疫系统产生了浓厚兴趣，并正在进行许多深入研究。最近，研究人员成功地将CRISPR改造为一个用于序列特异性基因表达的RNA引导平台，这为在全基因组范围内选择性干扰基因表达提供了一种简单方法。这无疑将基因组工程带入一个更加便捷和精确的新时代。
