Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, PO Box 800717, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2014 Feb;14(2):411. doi: 10.1007/s11882-013-0411-7.
Otitis media (OM) is the most common disease in children in the United States, with about $5 billion spent each year in direct and indirect costs. OM is the number one reason for pediatric antibiotic usage and surgery, although treatment options are limited. Numerous studies have established the high heritability of OM and a genetic contribution to OM pathogenesis. Candidate gene studies have highlighted the roles of inflammation, mucin secretion, and pathogen recognition, but this approach is unable to identify novel pathways to target for treatment or screening purposes. Here, we review the current literature on agnostic approaches to discover novel genes and pathways involved in OM pathogenesis.
中耳炎（OM）是美国儿童中最常见的疾病，每年直接和间接费用约为 50 亿美元。尽管治疗选择有限，但 OM 是小儿抗生素使用和手术的首要原因。许多研究已经确定了 OM 的高遗传性和对 OM 发病机制的遗传贡献。候选基因研究强调了炎症、粘蛋白分泌和病原体识别的作用，但这种方法无法确定新的治疗或筛选目标途径。在这里，我们回顾了目前关于发现 OM 发病机制中涉及的新基因和途径的未知方法的文献。
