Kim Yeon Seok, Li Yu-Chin, Pitts William M, Werrel Martin, Davis Rick D
National Institute of Standards and Technology , Engineering Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive MS-8665, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8665, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2014 Feb 12;6(3):2146-52. doi: 10.1021/am405259n. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly coatings reduce the flammability of textiles and polyurethane foam but require extensive repetitive processing steps to produce the desired coating thickness and nanoparticle fire retardant content that translates into a fire retardant coating. Reported here is a new hybrid bi-layer (BL) approach to fabricate fire retardant coatings on polyurethane foam. Utilizing hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction along with the pH adjustment, a fast growing coating with significant fire retardant clay content was achieved. This hybrid BL coating exhibits significant fire performance improvement in both bench scale and real scale tests. Cone calorimetry bench scale tests show a 42% and 71% reduction in peak and average heat release rates, respectively. Real scale furniture mockups constructed using the hybrid LbL coating reduced the peak and average heat release rates by 53% and 63%, respectively. This is the first time that the fire safety in a real scale test has been reported for any LbL technology. This hybrid LbL coating is the fastest approach to develop an effective fire retardant coating for polyurethane foam.
逐层（LbL）组装涂层可降低纺织品和聚氨酯泡沫的可燃性，但需要大量重复的加工步骤来产生所需的涂层厚度和纳米颗粒阻燃剂含量，从而形成阻燃涂层。本文报道了一种在聚氨酯泡沫上制备阻燃涂层的新型混合双层（BL）方法。利用氢键和静电吸引以及pH调节，实现了一种快速生长且含有大量阻燃粘土的涂层。这种混合BL涂层在实验室规模和实际规模测试中均表现出显著的防火性能提升。锥形量热法实验室规模测试表明，峰值热释放速率和平均热释放速率分别降低了42%和71%。使用混合LbL涂层构建的实际规模家具模型分别将峰值热释放速率和平均热释放速率降低了53%和63%。这是首次报道任何LbL技术在实际规模测试中的消防安全情况。这种混合LbL涂层是为聚氨酯泡沫开发有效阻燃涂层的最快方法。
