Frost Thomas D G, Sinha Devan, Gilbert Barnabas J
Green Templeton College, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HG, UK.
Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2014 Jan 15;9:3. doi: 10.1186/1747-5341-9-3.
When an individual facing intractable pain is given an estimate of a few months to live, does hastening death become a viable and legitimate alternative for willing patients? Has the time come for physicians to do away with the traditional notion of healthcare as maintaining or improving physical and mental health, and instead accept their own limitations by facilitating death when requested? The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge held the 2013 Varsity Medical Debate on the motion "This House Would Legalise Assisted Dying". This article summarises the key arguments developed over the course of the debate. We will explore how assisted dying can affect both the patient and doctor; the nature of consent and limits of autonomy; the effects on society; the viability of a proposed model; and, perhaps most importantly, the potential need for the practice within our current medico-legal framework.
当一个面临难以忍受的疼痛且被预估只有几个月生命的人被告知其存活时间时,对于有意愿的患者而言,加速死亡是否会成为一种可行且合法的选择?医生摒弃将医疗保健视为维持或改善身心健康的传统观念,转而在患者提出请求时协助其死亡,从而接受自身的局限性,这样的时代是否已经到来?牛津大学和剑桥大学举办了2013年大学医学辩论会,辩题是“本院将使协助死亡合法化”。本文总结了辩论过程中提出的关键论点。我们将探讨协助死亡如何影响患者和医生;同意的本质和自主权的限度;对社会的影响;提议模式的可行性;以及,或许最重要的是,在我们当前的医疗法律框架内对这种做法的潜在需求。