the Department of Microbiology, CBSH, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, 263 145, Pantnagar, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 1992 Nov;8(6):559-63. doi: 10.1007/BF01238788.
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) enhance plant growth through increased nutrient uptake, stress tolerance and disease resistance. As an integral part of the root system, they interact with other microorganisms in soil and result in increased root exudation approaching about 25% of the plant dry matter production. Roots support a multitude of microorganisms that, in concert, can have profound influence on growth and survival of the plant. VAM fungi can alter the root exudation pattern, enhance chitinolytic activity and alter photosynthetic/respiratory deficiencies. VAM-positive plants are known to exhibit varied resistance towards soil-borne and foliar pathogens. The known interactions include a number of mechanisms, such as exclusion of the pathogen, lignification of plant cell walls, changed phosphate nutrition resulting in altered exudation by roots, and formation of inhibitory low molecular weight compounds. The purpose of this review is to discuss VAM-plant-pathogen interactions and the possible mechanisms involved in altered resistance. Based on these observations, a working model is proposed to explain the VAM-disease interaction under varied environmental conditions.
泡囊丛枝菌根（VAM）通过增加养分吸收、提高抗逆性和抗病性来促进植物生长。作为根系的一个组成部分，它们与土壤中的其他微生物相互作用，导致根系分泌物增加，接近植物干物质产量的 25%。根系支持着大量的微生物，这些微生物协同作用，对植物的生长和生存产生深远的影响。VAM 真菌可以改变根系分泌物的模式，增强几丁质酶的活性，并改变光合作用/呼吸作用的不足。已知 VAM 阳性植物对土壤传播和叶部病原体表现出不同的抗性。已知的相互作用包括许多机制，如病原体的排除、植物细胞壁的木质化、改变磷酸盐营养，导致根系分泌物的改变，以及形成抑制性的低分子量化合物。本综述的目的是讨论 VAM-植物-病原体相互作用以及涉及改变抗性的可能机制。基于这些观察结果，提出了一个工作模型来解释在不同环境条件下 VAM-疾病相互作用。
