Hawkley Louise C, Cacioppo John T
Editorial office located in the College of Education at Georgia State University.
J Individ Psychol (1998). 2010 Spring;66(1):43-58.
Human relationships with people and nonhuman beings were explored in 229 older adults (50-68 yrs old) in the longitudinal Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study. The Multi-Domain Relationship Satisfaction scale was constructed to pose parallel questions about participants' satisfaction with their most important person, group, God, and pet. Subscates reflecting person, group, and God satisfaction exhibited convergent and discriminant validity and moderate temporal stability over a one-year period. Person-group and group-God satisfaction ratings were significantly correlated. Person and group satisfaction contributed independently to well-being controlling for sociodemographic factors, and God satisfaction and pet satisfaction. Future research should examine the extent to which differences or commonalities in the effects of relationships in these domains are attributable to specific provisions of various relationship types.
在芝加哥健康、衰老与社会关系纵向研究中,对229名老年人(50 - 68岁)与人类及非人类的关系进行了探究。构建了多领域关系满意度量表,以提出关于参与者对其最重要的人、群体、上帝及宠物满意度的平行问题。反映对人、群体和上帝满意度的子量表在一年时间内表现出收敛效度和区分效度以及适度的时间稳定性。对人和群体的满意度评分与对群体和上帝的满意度评分显著相关。在控制社会人口学因素、对上帝的满意度和对宠物的满意度后,对人和群体的满意度对幸福感有独立贡献。未来的研究应考察这些领域中关系影响的差异或共性在多大程度上可归因于各种关系类型的特定因素。