1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, and.
Psychol Sci. 2014 Mar;25(3):665-74. doi: 10.1177/0956797613508956. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
This research reported here speaks to a contentious debate concerning the potential negative consequences of diversity for trust. We tested the relationship between neighborhood diversity and out-group, in-group, and neighborhood trust, taking into consideration previously untested indirect effects via intergroup contact and perceived intergroup threat. A large-scale national survey in England sampled White British majority (N = 868) and ethnic minority (N = 798) respondents from neighborhoods of varying degrees of diversity. Multilevel path analyses showed some negative direct effects of diversity for the majority group but also confirmed predictions that diversity was associated indirectly with increased trust via positive contact and lower threat. These indirect effects had positive implications for total effects of diversity, cancelling out most negative direct effects. Our findings have relevance for a growing body of research seeking to disentangle effects of diversity on trust that has so far largely ignored the key role of intergroup contact.
本研究探讨了多样性对信任可能产生的负面影响这一争议性问题。我们检验了邻里多样性与外群体、内群体和邻里信任之间的关系，同时考虑了通过群体间接触和感知的群体间威胁的先前未经验证的间接效应。英国一项大规模的全国性调查从不同多样性程度的社区中抽取了白种英国多数群体（N=868）和少数族裔群体（N=798）的受访者。多层次路径分析显示，多样性对多数群体有一些负面的直接影响，但也证实了多样性通过积极的接触和降低威胁与增加信任呈间接相关的预测。这些间接效应对多样性的总效应有积极影响，抵消了大部分负面的直接效应。我们的研究结果与越来越多试图厘清多样性对信任影响的研究有关，这些研究迄今为止在很大程度上忽视了群体间接触的关键作用。
