Jin Gui-Lin, Su Yan-Ping, Liu Ming, Xu Ying, Yang Jian, Liao Kai-Jun, Yu Chang-Xi
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Feb 27;152(1):33-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.003. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
In the genus Gelsemium, Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth. has been recognized as a toxic plant that is widely distributed in Southeast Asia and has been used as traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid pain, neuropathic pain, spasticity, skin ulcers and cancers for many years. Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J.St.-Hil. has been used since the nineteenth century in homeopathy for treating anxiety, neuralgia, migraine and spasmodic disorders, such as asthma and whooping cough in North America. This review aims to provide comprehensive information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological research and toxicology of medicinal plants in the genus Gelsemium. The overall objective is to explore the evidence supporting its ethnopharmacological effectiveness.
A literature survey was performed by searching the scientific databases Pubmed, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Scopus, Web of Science and the Chinese CNKI, in addition to traditional Chinese medicine and homeopathic texts for information on Gelsemium.
Plants of the genus Gelsemium have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of migraines, neuralgia, sciatica, cancer and various types of sores. Studies into the phytochemical composition of this genus have shown that all of the species are rich sources of monoterpene indole alkaloids and that they have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their markedly diverse and complex architecture. To date, a total of 121 alkaloids have been isolated and identified from the genus. The crude extracts, as well as the monomeric compounds, from the genus possess anti-tumor, analgesic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating pharmacological activities.
It is evident from the available literature that Gelsemium species possess potential for use as a beneficial therapeutic remedy. However, the analysis of previous pharmacological research suggests that a clear assignment of active molecules and mechanisms of action is remain lacking. Due to their high toxicity, the studies available on toxicity and safety are inadequate for providing information on clinical utilization.
在钩吻属植物中，钩吻（Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth.）被认为是一种有毒植物，广泛分布于东南亚，多年来一直被用作传统中药，用于治疗类风湿性疼痛、神经性疼痛、痉挛、皮肤溃疡和癌症。常绿钩吻（Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J.St.-Hil.）自19世纪以来就在顺势疗法中用于治疗焦虑、神经痛、偏头痛和痉挛性疾病，如北美地区的哮喘和百日咳。本综述旨在提供关于钩吻属药用植物的植物学、传统用途、植物化学、药理学研究和毒理学的全面信息。总体目标是探索支持其民族药理学有效性的证据。
通过检索科学数据库PubMed、谷歌学术、SciFinder、Scopus、科学网以及中国知网，此外还检索了传统中医和顺势疗法文献，以获取有关钩吻的信息，进行了文献调查。
钩吻属植物已被用于传统医学治疗偏头痛、神经痛、坐骨神经痛、癌症和各种疮疡。对该属植物化学成分的研究表明，所有物种都是单萜吲哚生物碱的丰富来源，并且由于其显著多样和复杂的结构而引起了许多研究人员的关注。迄今为止，已从该属中分离并鉴定出总共121种生物碱。该属的粗提物以及单体化合物具有抗肿瘤、镇痛、抗焦虑、抗炎和免疫调节药理活性。
现有文献表明，钩吻属植物具有作为有益治疗药物的潜力。然而，对先前药理学研究的分析表明，仍缺乏对活性分子和作用机制的明确界定。由于其高毒性，现有的关于毒性和安全性的研究不足以提供临床应用信息。
