Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom; email:
Annu Rev Biochem. 2014;83:275-89. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060713-035813. Epub 2014 Jan 15.
Most single animal cells have an internal vector that determines where recycling membrane is added to the cell's surface. Because of the specific molecular composition of this added membrane, a dynamic asymmetry is formed on the surface of the cell. The consequences of this dynamic asymmetry are discussed, together with what they imply for how cells move. The polarity of a single-celled embryo, such as that of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, is explored in a similar framework.
大多数单细胞动物的内部都有一个向量,决定着回收膜添加到细胞表面的位置。由于添加的膜具有特定的分子组成,因此在细胞表面形成了动态不对称性。本文讨论了这种动态不对称性的后果,以及它们对细胞运动的影响。以线虫秀丽隐杆线虫为例,在类似的框架下探讨了单细胞胚胎的极性。