Neurobiology Research Unit, Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging (Cimbi), Rigshospitalet, and University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Neurobiology Research Unit, Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging (Cimbi), Rigshospitalet, and University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Compr Psychiatry. 2014 May;55(4):1007-14. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.12.005. Epub 2013 Dec 10.
Adverse early life conditions such as perceived low quality of parental bonding increase vulnerability to stress and psychopathology in adulthood. However, the mechanisms by which perceptions of parental bonding translate into vulnerability are unclear and remain sparsely investigated in healthy populations. We proposed a model, in which the personality trait Harm Avoidance would mediate effects of recollected parental bonding during the first sixteen years of life on measures of perceived stress and mental distress severity in adulthood.
Five-hundred-eighteen adults (65.1 % women), aged 18-53years, completed questionnaires of parental bonding, perceived stress, trait Harm Avoidance, and severity of mental distress. Direct and indirect effects mediated through trait Harm Avoidance were examined in a structural equation model.
Under the causal assumptions of our proposed model, indirect effects of trait Harm Avoidance mediated the relationship between parental overprotection and severity of mental distress, while significantly attenuating the direct effects of parental care on severity of mental distress. Moreover, indirect effects of trait Harm Avoidance significantly attenuated the direct effects of parental overprotection and care on perceived stress.
In this large sample of mentally healthy adults, recollected parental bonding was significantly associated with levels of perceived stress and severity of mental distress. The results from our proposed model further suggest that trait Harm Avoidance may be a developmental link, by which the quality of recollected parental bonding in childhood translates into adult vulnerability to stress and mental distress.
不良的早期生活条件，如感知到的亲子关系质量较低，会增加成年后患压力和精神病理学的易感性。然而，亲子关系的认知如何转化为易感性的机制尚不清楚，在健康人群中仍鲜有研究。我们提出了一个模型，其中人格特质回避危险会介导在生命的头十六年中对父母养育的回忆感知对成年后感知压力和精神困扰严重程度的影响。
518 名年龄在 18-53 岁的成年人（65.1%为女性）完成了父母养育、感知压力、特质回避危险和精神困扰严重程度的问卷。在结构方程模型中检验了通过特质回避危险介导的直接和间接效应。
在我们提出的模型的因果假设下，特质回避危险的间接效应介导了父母过度保护与精神困扰严重程度之间的关系，同时显著减弱了父母关爱对精神困扰严重程度的直接影响。此外，特质回避危险的间接效应显著减弱了父母过度保护和关爱对感知压力的直接影响。
在这个大型心理健康成年人样本中，回忆中的亲子关系与感知压力和精神困扰严重程度水平显著相关。我们提出的模型的结果进一步表明，特质回避危险可能是一个发展联系，通过它，童年时期回忆中的亲子关系质量转化为成年后对压力和精神困扰的易感性。
