Trone Jane-Chloé, Guy Jean-Baptiste, Mery Benoite, Langrand Escure Julien, Lahmar Rima, Moncharmont Coralie, Rivoirard Romain, Semay Tiphaine, Chauleur Céline, Collard Olivier, Vignot Stéphane, Magné Nicolas
Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Département d'oncologie médicale, institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, BP 60008, 42271 Saint-Priest en Jarez, France.
Bull Cancer. 2014 Jan 1;101(1):102-6. doi: 10.1684/bdc.2013.1881.
Melanoma of the female genital tract is a rare location (less than 2% of melanomas all sites combined). These cancers have a very poor prognosis, due to the delay in diagnosis. Vulvar location is about 1% of melanomas then the vaginal location, uterine and ovarian. There is no consensus to date regarding their care, due to the rarity of the lesions. Their treatment must however be based on the current data concerning gynaecological cancers as well as standard management of cutaneous melanoma. The treatment is often based on conservative surgery, because radical resection does not improve survival. For the vulva and vagina, reconstructive surgery is possible. Treatment is sometimes supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which could improve local control. The interest in the use of targeted therapy in these locations is not well known because of their rarity, but the study of genes c-Kit and BRAF provides new prospects for treatment. The objective of this review is to describe and report the current state of knowledge about gynaecologic melanomas.
女性生殖道黑色素瘤是一种罕见的发病部位（占所有部位黑色素瘤总和的不到2%）。由于诊断延迟，这些癌症的预后非常差。外阴部位的黑色素瘤约占黑色素瘤的1%，其次是阴道、子宫和卵巢部位。由于病变罕见，目前对于其治疗尚无共识。然而，它们的治疗必须基于有关妇科癌症的现有数据以及皮肤黑色素瘤的标准管理方法。治疗通常基于保守手术，因为根治性切除并不能提高生存率。对于外阴和阴道，可以进行重建手术。治疗有时辅以化疗或放疗，这可能会改善局部控制。由于其罕见性，在这些部位使用靶向治疗的效果尚不清楚，但对c-Kit和BRAF基因的研究为治疗提供了新的前景。本综述的目的是描述和报告关于妇科黑色素瘤的当前知识状态。
