Cognitive and Molecular Research Institute of Brain Diseases, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan; Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014 Jul;68(7):558-67. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12162. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
In the present study, the P300 component of the emotion-loaded visual event-related potential in response to photographs of babies crying or smiling was measured to evaluate cognitive function in elderly subjects, including those with dementia.
The subjects were 48 elderly people who consulted a memory disorder clinic. The visual event-related potential was measured using oddball tasks. Brain waves were recorded from four sites. We analyzed the P300 amplitude and latency. Subjects were divided into three groups (the dementia with Alzheimer's disease group [ADG]; the intermediate group [MG], and the healthy group [HG]) based on the Revised Hasegawa Dementia Scale, Mini-mental State Examination scores and the Clinical Dementia Rating.
For all subjects, there was a significant positive correlation between P300 latency and Z-score of voxel-based specific regional analysis for Alzheimer's disease for crying or smiling faces. There was a negative correlation between P300 amplitude and Z-score for the crying face. MG subjects were divided into two groups (high risk: HRMG, low risk: LRMG) based on Z-scores (HRMG ≥ 2.0). The P300 amplitude of ADG was significantly smaller than that of HG, and the P300 latency of ADG was significantly longer than those of other groups for crying or smiling faces. The P300 latency of HRMG was significantly longer than that of LRMG for the smiling face. Furthermore, the P300 latency for the crying face was significantly shorter than that for the smiling face in HG and ADG.
These findings suggest that analysis of P300 components of the emotion-loaded visual event-related potential may be a useful neuropsychological index for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and high-risk subjects.
本研究旨在通过测量婴儿哭泣或微笑的情绪加载视觉事件相关电位中的 P300 成分，评估包括痴呆症患者在内的老年受试者的认知功能。
研究对象为 48 名到记忆障碍诊所就诊的老年患者。采用Oddball 任务测量视觉事件相关电位。从四个部位记录脑电波。我们分析了 P300 波幅和潜伏期。根据修订版 Hasegawa 痴呆量表、简易精神状态检查评分和临床痴呆评定，将受试者分为三组（阿尔茨海默病痴呆组[ADG]；中间组[MG]和健康组[HG]）。
对于所有受试者，P300 潜伏期与哭泣或微笑面孔的基于体素的特定区域分析的阿尔茨海默病 Z 分数呈显著正相关。P300 波幅与哭泣面孔的 Z 分数呈负相关。根据 Z 分数（HRMG≥2.0），MG 患者分为两组（高风险：HRMG，低风险：LRMG）。ADG 的 P300 波幅明显小于 HG，且 ADG 的 P300 潜伏期明显长于其他组的哭泣或微笑面孔。HRMG 的 P300 潜伏期明显长于 LRMG 的微笑面孔。此外，HG 和 ADG 中哭泣面孔的 P300 潜伏期明显短于微笑面孔。
这些发现表明，情绪加载视觉事件相关电位的 P300 成分分析可能是诊断阿尔茨海默病和高危受试者的有用神经心理学指标。
