[Three-dimensional endoscopic endonasal study of skull base anatomy].

INTRODUCTION

Training in dissection of the paranasal sinuses and the skull base is essential for anatomical understanding and correct surgical techniques. Three-dimensional (3D) visualisation of endoscopic skull base anatomy increases spatial orientation and allows depth perception.

OBJECTIVE

To show endoscopic skull base anatomy based on the 3D technique.

METHODS

We performed endoscopic dissection in cadaveric specimens fixed with formalin and with the Thiel technique, both prepared using intravascular injection of coloured material. Endonasal approaches were performed with conventional 2D endoscopes. Then we applied the 3D anaglyph technique to illustrate the pictures in 3D.

RESULTS

The most important anatomical structures and landmarks of the sellar region under endonasal endoscopic vision are illustrated in 3D images.

CONCLUSION

The skull base consists of complex bony and neurovascular structures. Experience with cadaver dissection is essential to understand complex anatomy and develop surgical skills. A 3D view constitutes a useful tool for understanding skull base anatomy.