Feltgen N, Franko Zeitz P
Universitäts Augenklinik, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland,
Ophthalmologe. 2014 Jan;111(1):10-4. doi: 10.1007/s00347-013-2911-1.
Retinal vascular diseases are mostly caused by systemic vascular diseases. In some cases the systemic disease is already known but in other patients ocular anomalies often provide the first indications of a systemic disease. Treating patients with vascular fundus diseases requires close cooperation between ophthalmologists and specialists in other fields and deciding which routine and specialized diagnostic examinations are necessary in light of the potential risk factors involved requires interdisciplinary communication. This article aims to provide an overview of the most important vascular retinal diseases and which examinations are required to ensure an accurate diagnosis. The retinal vascular diseases with the highest frequency or clinical relevance are hypertensive retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion and retinal artery occlusion.
视网膜血管疾病大多由全身性血管疾病引起。在某些情况下，全身性疾病已为人所知，但在其他患者中，眼部异常往往是全身性疾病的最初迹象。治疗患有眼底血管疾病的患者需要眼科医生与其他领域的专家密切合作，根据潜在的风险因素来决定哪些常规和专门的诊断检查是必要的，这需要跨学科交流。本文旨在概述最重要的视网膜血管疾病以及为确保准确诊断所需的检查。发病率最高或临床相关性最强的视网膜血管疾病有高血压性视网膜病变、糖尿病性视网膜病变、视网膜静脉阻塞和视网膜动脉阻塞。
