Alcázar Lorena, Ocampo Diego, Huamán-Espino Lucio, Pablo Aparco Juan
Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo, Lima, Perú
Centro Nacional de Alimentación y Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2013 Oct-Dec;30(4):569-74.
To estimate the economic impact of chronic, acute and global malnutrition in Peru.
This study, through an econometric model, estimated the economic impact of child malnutrition in two time horizons (incidental retrospective and prospective) during 2011, considering malnutrition-associated costs of health, education and productivity for the Peruvian economy. Information collected is a combination of data coming from the Demographic Survey of Family Health, the National Survey of Homes, the 2007 Census of Population and Housing, and public budget information, as well as estimates of risks a child is exposed to due to malnutrition during their first years of life.
Nationwide it was found that in the perspective retrospective, the cost of child malnutrition in 2011 was 10,999 million soles, which was equal to 2.2% of GDP for that same year. Prospective costs nationwide, of those who by 2011 were 0 to 59 months, reached 4,505 million soles and represented 0.9% of GDP in 2011. Most cases stem from losses of productivity in both cases. Moreover, malnutrition affects much more both the Andes and jungle regions.
The economic impact of child malnutrition represents a significant percentage of GDP, reason for which it is necessary to continue investing equitably in its prevention through participation with proven efficiency.
评估秘鲁慢性、急性和全球营养不良的经济影响。
本研究通过计量经济学模型，在考虑秘鲁经济中与营养不良相关的健康、教育和生产力成本的情况下，估计了2011年两个时间范围内（附带回顾性和前瞻性）儿童营养不良的经济影响。收集的信息是来自家庭健康人口统计调查、全国住房调查、2007年人口与住房普查、公共预算信息的数据组合，以及儿童在生命最初几年因营养不良所面临风险的估计值。
在全国范围内发现，从回顾性角度看，2011年儿童营养不良的成本为109.99亿索尔，相当于同年国内生产总值的2.2%。全国范围内，对于那些在2011年年龄为0至59个月的儿童，前瞻性成本达到45.05亿索尔，占2011年国内生产总值的0.9%。在这两种情况下，大多数情况源于生产力损失。此外，营养不良对安第斯地区和丛林地区的影响更大。
儿童营养不良的经济影响占国内生产总值的很大比例，因此有必要通过参与经证实有效的方式继续公平地投资于其预防工作。
