Noy Adi, Taubman-Ben-Ari Orit, Kuint Jacob
The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Stress Health. 2015 Dec;31(5):365-72. doi: 10.1002/smi.2560. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
The present study examined well-being and personal growth in mothers (n = 414) 1 year after childbirth. We examined the contribution of the event characteristics (birth of singletons or twins, full- or pre-term babies, first or non-first child, spontaneous pregnancy or fertility treatments and infant temperament), internal resources (attachment anxiety and avoidance) and external resources (marital quality and maternal grandmother's support). Regressions indicated that having a first child, child's easier temperament, lower attachment anxiety and avoidance, grandmother's emotional support and some aspects of the spousal relationships contributed to well-being. Personal growth was found to be related to the birth of a pre-term baby or babies, positively associated with maternal grandmother's support, and the marital quality of parenthood, and negatively with mothers' education. Beyond the findings that well-being and personal growth are related to the availability of certain resources, the current study demonstrates that the two outcomes are separate phenomena that reveal different patterns of associations with other variables. Several explanations for the findings are proposed, and practical implications are discussed.
本研究调查了414名母亲产后1年的幸福感和个人成长情况。我们考察了事件特征（单胎或双胞胎分娩、足月儿或早产儿、头胎或非头胎、自然受孕或辅助生殖以及婴儿气质）、内部资源（依恋焦虑和回避）和外部资源（婚姻质量和外祖母的支持）的作用。回归分析表明，生育头胎、孩子气质较温和、较低的依恋焦虑和回避、外祖母的情感支持以及配偶关系的某些方面有助于提升幸福感。研究发现，个人成长与早产婴儿的出生有关，与外祖母的支持、为人父母的婚姻质量呈正相关，与母亲的受教育程度呈负相关。除了幸福感和个人成长与某些资源的可获得性相关这一发现外，本研究还表明，这两个结果是不同的现象，它们与其他变量的关联模式各不相同。我们对这些发现提出了几种解释，并讨论了实际意义。
