From the Centre for Liver Research & NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Liver Diseases, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
From the Centre for Liver Research & NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Liver Diseases, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
QJM. 2014 Jun;107(6):417-21. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcu013. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
The liver has a unique capacity to repair following injury, which is largely achieved by proliferation of hepatocytes. However, in situations of chronic or overwhelming liver injury, additional repair mechanisms, namely liver progenitor or oval cells, are activated. These cells, located in the canals of Hering, express markers for both hepatocytes and biliary cells and have the capacity to differentiate down both hepatocyte and biliary lineages. Previous work has suggested that the administration of autologous or allogeneic cell therapies such as haematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells can augment liver repair by either stimulating endogenous repair mechanisms or by suppressing ongoing damage. A better understanding of how cell therapies can promote liver regeneration will lead to the refinement of these therapeutic approaches and also develop new pharmacological agents for liver repair.
肝脏具有很强的损伤后修复能力，这主要是通过肝细胞的增殖来实现的。然而，在慢性或严重肝损伤的情况下，还会激活其他的修复机制，即肝祖细胞或卵圆细胞。这些细胞位于门管区，表达肝细胞和胆管细胞的标志物，具有向肝细胞和胆管谱系分化的能力。之前的研究表明，同种异体或自体细胞治疗，如造血或间充质干细胞的给药，可以通过刺激内源性修复机制或抑制持续的损伤来增强肝脏修复。更好地了解细胞治疗如何促进肝脏再生将导致这些治疗方法的改进，并开发新的肝脏修复药理学制剂。
