Wedman B, Kahan R S
Boone Hospital Complex, Columbia, Missouri.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1987 Dec;87(12):1672-4.
This study found that a group of patients with diabetes counseled by a dietitian who used graphic teaching aids complied with health care advice better than did a control group advised by the same counselor without the use of graphic teaching aids. Both groups consisted of private patients in an Illinois clinic referred to the dietitian by their physicians. Group A, whose members received counseling with graphic aids (such items as models and charts of the eye, kidneys, arteries, nerve fibers, fat, and glucose levels), included six female and nine male patients with diabetes. Of them, six were insulin-dependent and nine were not. Group B, whose members received counseling without graphic aids, comprised six female and 7 male patients with diabetes. Of them, five were insulin-dependent, and eight were not. All were seen over a 90-day period. Compliance was assessed in six areas: (a) regular keeping of appointments, (b) decreasing fat consumption, (c) eating meals at regular intervals, (d) controlling portion size, (e) blood-glucose monitoring by patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, and (f) weight-loss by patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Members of Group A, who received counseling accompanied by graphic aids, registered the highest rates of compliance in all six areas.
本研究发现，由使用图形教具的营养师提供咨询的一组糖尿病患者，比由同一位不使用图形教具的咨询师提供建议的对照组，能更好地遵守医疗保健建议。两组均由伊利诺伊州一家诊所的私人患者组成，这些患者由其医生转介给营养师。A组的成员接受了图形教具的咨询（如眼睛、肾脏、动脉、神经纤维、脂肪和血糖水平的模型和图表等物品），包括6名女性和9名男性糖尿病患者。其中，6名依赖胰岛素，9名不依赖胰岛素。B组的成员没有接受图形教具的咨询，由6名女性和7名男性糖尿病患者组成。其中，5名依赖胰岛素，8名不依赖胰岛素。所有患者均在90天内接受观察。在六个方面评估依从性：（a）定期预约，（b）减少脂肪摄入，（c）定时进餐，（d）控制食量，（e）依赖胰岛素的糖尿病患者进行血糖监测，（f）非依赖胰岛素的糖尿病患者减重。接受图形教具咨询的A组成员在所有六个方面的依从率最高。
