Jiang J F, Song X M, Wu J L, Jiang Y Q
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2014 Dec;98(6):1039-46. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12167. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of alfalfa meal diets on the intestinal microbial diversity and immunity of growing egg-type ducks. A total of 128 healthy 7-week-old female egg-type Shaoxing ducks were selected and randomly assigned into four dietary treatments: 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal for 8 weeks. Each treatment consisted of four replicates of eight ducks each. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) was used to characterize the microbiota. The results showed that the DGGE fingerprints of the V6-V8 fragments of the 16S rRNA from the caeca and faeces of ducks fed 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal had significantly higher microbiota species richness than those fed 0% alfalfa meal (p < 0.05). The Shannon-Weiner index of the microbiota from the caeca and faeces of ducks fed 3%, 6% and 9% alfalfa meal was significantly higher than those fed 0% alfalfa meal (p < 0.05). Molecular analysis of the caecal and faecal DNA extracts showed that the alfalfa meal diet promotes the intestinal microbial diversity, as indicated by their higher species richness and Shannon-Weiner index. However, the groups did not significantly differ in terms of average daily gain, feed intake and gain-to-feed ratio (p > 0.05), and the 3-9% alfalfa meal did not affect the growth performance of the growing egg-type ducks. The proliferation of T and B lymphocytes was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the groups supplemented with 3%, 6% and 9% of alfalfa meal than the unsupplemented control group, and alfalfa meal promoted the lymphocytes proliferation of the growing egg-type ducks. Dietary alfalfa meal supplementation increases intestinal microbial community diversity and improves of the immune response growing egg-type ducks.
本研究旨在探讨苜蓿草粉日粮对生长阶段蛋鸭肠道微生物多样性及免疫力的影响。选取128只健康的7周龄雌性绍兴蛋鸭，随机分为4种日粮处理组：分别饲喂含0%、3%、6%和9%苜蓿草粉的日粮，为期8周。每个处理组设4个重复，每个重复8只鸭。采用聚合酶链反应变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）对微生物群进行表征。结果表明，饲喂3%、6%和9%苜蓿草粉的蛋鸭盲肠和粪便中16S rRNA的V6-V8片段的DGGE指纹图谱显示，其微生物种类丰富度显著高于饲喂0%苜蓿草粉的蛋鸭（p<0.05）。饲喂3%、6%和9%苜蓿草粉的蛋鸭盲肠和粪便中微生物群的香农-威纳指数显著高于饲喂0%苜蓿草粉的蛋鸭（p<0.05）。对盲肠和粪便DNA提取物的分子分析表明，苜蓿草粉日粮可促进肠道微生物多样性，表现为更高的物种丰富度和香农-威纳指数。然而，各处理组在平均日增重、采食量和料重比方面差异不显著（p>0.05），3%-9%的苜蓿草粉对生长阶段蛋鸭的生长性能没有影响。添加3%、6%和9%苜蓿草粉的组中T和B淋巴细胞的增殖显著高于未添加的对照组（p<0.05），苜蓿草粉可促进生长阶段蛋鸭淋巴细胞的增殖。日粮中添加苜蓿草粉可增加肠道微生物群落多样性，并改善生长阶段蛋鸭的免疫反应。
