Kraus Shane, Rosenberg Harold
Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA,
Arch Sex Behav. 2014 Apr;43(3):451-62. doi: 10.1007/s10508-013-0229-3. Epub 2014 Jan 28.
Despite the prevalence of pornography use, and recent conceptualization of problematic use as an addiction, we could find no published scale to measure craving for pornography. Therefore, we conducted three studies employing young male pornography users to develop and evaluate such a questionnaire. In Study 1, we had participants rate their agreement with 20 potential craving items after reading a control script or a script designed to induce craving to watch pornography. We dropped eight items because of low endorsement. In Study 2, we revised both the questionnaire and cue exposure stimuli and then evaluated several psychometric properties of the modified questionnaire. Item loadings from a principal components analysis, a high internal consistency reliability coefficient, and a moderate mean inter-item correlation supported interpreting the 12 revised items as a single scale. Correlations of craving scores with preoccupation with pornography, sexual history, compulsive internet use, and sensation seeking provided support for convergent validity, criterion validity, and discriminant validity, respectively. The enhanced imagery script did not impact reported craving; however, more frequent users of pornography reported higher craving than less frequent users regardless of script condition. In Study 3, craving scores demonstrated good one-week test-retest reliability and predicted the number of times participants used pornography during the following week. This questionnaire could be applied in clinical settings to plan and evaluate therapy for problematic users of pornography and as a research tool to assess the prevalence and contextual triggers of craving among different types of pornography users.
尽管使用色情内容的现象普遍存在，且近期将问题性使用概念化为一种成瘾行为，但我们未能找到已发表的用于测量对色情内容渴望程度的量表。因此，我们开展了三项研究，招募年轻男性色情内容使用者来开发并评估这样一份问卷。在研究1中，我们让参与者在阅读一个对照脚本或一个旨在诱发观看色情内容渴望的脚本后，对他们对20个潜在渴望项目的认同程度进行评分。由于认可度较低，我们剔除了8个项目。在研究2中，我们修订了问卷和线索暴露刺激材料，然后评估了修订后问卷的几个心理测量学特性。主成分分析的项目载荷、较高的内部一致性信度系数以及适中的平均项目间相关性，支持将12个修订后的项目解释为一个单一量表。渴望得分与对色情内容的专注度、性史、强迫性互联网使用以及寻求刺激之间的相关性，分别为聚合效度、效标效度和区分效度提供了支持。增强的意象脚本并未影响报告的渴望程度；然而，无论脚本条件如何，色情内容使用频率较高的参与者报告的渴望程度高于使用频率较低的参与者。在研究3中，渴望得分显示出良好的一周重测信度，并预测了参与者在接下来一周内使用色情内容的次数。这份问卷可应用于临床环境，为色情内容问题使用者规划和评估治疗方案，也可作为一种研究工具，用于评估不同类型色情内容使用者中渴望的患病率及情境触发因素。
