MRC/ESRC Social and Applied Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN, Sheffield, UK.
J Occup Rehabil. 1995 Mar;5(1):37-53. doi: 10.1007/BF02117819.
The literature on the psychological and mental health effects of unemployment is reviewed in terms of its main effects and the factors that mediate its impact. Significant decrements in mental health for people of all ages are identified, with additional effects of prolonged unemployment, employment commitment, social relationships, gender, ethnic group, social class, local unemployment rate, and personal vulnerability. An integrative model is described and its applicability to models of adjustment to work-related disability is argued.
本文回顾了失业对人们心理和精神健康影响的相关文献，探讨了其主要影响因素和影响程度。研究表明，失业对各年龄段人群的心理健康都有显著的负面影响，且这种影响随着失业时间的延长而加剧，此外，就业承诺、社会关系、性别、种族、社会阶层、当地失业率和个人脆弱性等因素也会起到中介作用。本文还描述了一个综合模型，并论证了其在与工作相关的残疾适应模型中的适用性。
