Tessier Peggy
Institut d'histoire des sciences et des techniques, 13, rue du Four, 75006 Paris, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2014 Jan;30(1):103-6. doi: 10.1051/medsci/20143001021. Epub 2014 Jan 24.
In our contemporary societies, physical injury resulting from a severe accident triggers a support process involving medical care and financial compensation, calculated according to the technical expertise of disability. Since 1958, the obligation for every individual to purchase an insurance has created the legal concept of pretium doloris ("prize of the pain") referring to a damage due to the physical and moral suffering of an individual. This concept also involves the idea that the injured person should be defined as a "victim" of a "prejudice" from which this person is entitled to expect compensation. The notion of compensation, whether financial or through medical care, contribute to give a social definition of the accident conceived as an existential phenomenon. In this paper, we undertake a philosophical analysis of these categories that allows to address the issue of care and that of evaluation - including financial - of the physical injury caused by the accident. We will see in particular that the problem of compensation refers both to the status of the body and the "recognition" of physical disability in financial terms. More broadly, the study of the repairing process of the physical injury will allow us to examine the contemporary issue of "cash value body" from a new perspective.
在我们当代社会，严重事故造成的身体伤害引发了一个支持过程，其中包括医疗护理和根据残疾技术鉴定计算的经济赔偿。自1958年以来，每个人购买保险的义务创造了“痛苦代价”（“pretium doloris”）这一法律概念，它指的是因个人身体和精神痛苦而造成的损害。这一概念还包含这样一种观念，即受伤者应被定义为某种“伤害”的“受害者”，有权期望获得赔偿。赔偿的概念，无论是经济赔偿还是医疗护理赔偿，都有助于从社会层面界定事故这一被视为生存现象的事件。在本文中，我们对这些范畴进行哲学分析，以探讨护理问题以及事故造成的身体伤害的评估问题，包括经济评估。我们尤其会看到，赔偿问题既涉及身体的状态，也涉及身体残疾在经济方面的“认定”。更广泛地说，对身体伤害修复过程的研究将使我们能够从一个新的视角审视当代的“身体现金价值”问题。
