Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, RecifePE.
Programa de Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, RecifePE.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2013 Nov-Dec;46(6):698-703. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0125-2013.
Even with current highly active antiretroviral therapy, individuals with AIDS continue to exhibit important nutritional deficits and reduced levels of albumin and hemoglobin, which may be directly related to their cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. The aim of this study was to characterize the nutritional status of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and relate the findings to the albumin level, hemoglobin level and CD4 cell count.
Patients over 20 years of age with AIDS who were hospitalized in a university hospital and were receiving antiretroviral therapy were studied with regard to clinical, anthropometric, biochemical and sociodemographic characteristics. Body mass index, percentage of weight loss, arm circumference, triceps skinfold and arm muscle circumference were analyzed. Data on albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit and CD4 cell count were obtained from patient charts. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test for independent variables and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The level of significance was set to 0.05 (α = 5%). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 software for Windows.
Of the 50 patients evaluated, 70% were male. The prevalence of malnutrition was higher when the definition was based on arm circumference and triceps skinfold measurement. The concentrations of all biochemical variables were significantly lower among patients with a body mass index of less than 18.5kg/m2. The CD4 cell count, albumin, hemoglobin and hematocrit anthropometric measures were directly related to each other.
These findings underscore the importance of nutritional follow-up for underweight patients with AIDS, as nutritional status proved to be related to important biochemical alterations.
即使采用目前高效的抗逆转录病毒疗法，艾滋病患者仍表现出明显的营养不足和白蛋白及血红蛋白水平降低，这可能与他们的 CD4 细胞计数直接相关。本研究旨在描述人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）患者的营养状况，并将研究结果与白蛋白水平、血红蛋白水平和 CD4 细胞计数相关联。
研究对象为在一所大学附属医院住院并接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 20 岁以上艾滋病患者，对其临床、人体测量学、生化和社会人口学特征进行了研究。分析了体重指数、体重减轻百分比、上臂围、三头肌皮褶厚度和上臂肌肉周长。从患者病历中获取白蛋白、血红蛋白、红细胞压积和 CD4 细胞计数的数据。采用 Fisher 确切检验、独立变量 Student's t 检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验进行统计分析。将显著性水平设定为 0.05（α=5%）。使用 Windows 版的 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences（SPSS）17.0 软件进行统计分析。
在评估的 50 名患者中，70%为男性。当根据上臂围和三头肌皮褶厚度测量来定义营养不良时，营养不良的发生率更高。体重指数小于 18.5kg/m2 的患者所有生化指标的浓度均显著降低。CD4 细胞计数、白蛋白、血红蛋白和红细胞压积的人体测量指标彼此直接相关。
这些发现强调了对体重不足的艾滋病患者进行营养随访的重要性，因为营养状况与重要的生化改变有关。
