Hellevik Turid, Martinez-Zubiaurre Iñigo
Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern-Norway , Tromsø , Norway ; Translational Cancer Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø , Tromsø , Norway.
Translational Cancer Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø , Tromsø , Norway.
Front Oncol. 2014 Jan 21;4:1. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00001. eCollection 2014.
Ionizing radiation is a non-specific but highly effective way to kill malignant cells. However, tumor recurrence sustained by a minor fraction of surviving tumor cells is a commonplace phenomenon caused by the activation of both cancer cell intrinsic resistance mechanisms, and also extrinsic intermediaries of therapy resistance, represented by non-malignant cells and structural components of the tumor stroma. The improved accuracy offered by advanced radiotherapy (RT)-technology permits reduced volume of healthy tissue in the irradiated field, and has been triggering an increase in the prescription of high-dose oligo-fractionated regimens in the clinics. Given the remarkable clinical success of high-dose RT and the current therapeutic shift occurring in the field, in this review we revise the existing knowledge on the effects that different radiation regimens exert on the different compartments of the tumor microenvironment, and highlight the importance of anti-tumor immunity and other tumor cell extrinsic mechanisms influencing therapeutic responses to high-dose radiation.
电离辐射是一种非特异性但高效杀死恶性细胞的方法。然而，由一小部分存活肿瘤细胞导致的肿瘤复发是一种常见现象，这是由癌细胞内在抗性机制以及以非恶性细胞和肿瘤基质结构成分代表的治疗抗性外在中介物的激活所引起的。先进放疗（RT）技术所提供的更高精度使得照射野中健康组织的体积得以减少，并已促使临床上高剂量寡分割方案的处方量增加。鉴于高剂量放疗取得的显著临床成功以及该领域当前发生的治疗转变，在本综述中，我们重新审视了关于不同放疗方案对肿瘤微环境不同组成部分所产生影响的现有知识，并强调了抗肿瘤免疫以及其他影响高剂量放疗治疗反应的肿瘤细胞外在机制的重要性。
