Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2014 Feb;25:86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.09.009. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
Natural products have been associated with significant health benefits in preventing and treating various chronic human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and pathogenic infections. However, the isolation, characterization and evaluation of natural products remain a challenge, mainly due to their limited bioavailability. Metabolic engineering and fermentation technology have emerged as alternative approaches for generating natural products under controlled conditions that can be optimized to maximize yields. Optimization of these processes includes the evaluation of factors such as host selection, product biosynthesis interaction with the cell's central metabolism, product degradation, and byproduct formation. This review summarizes the most recent biochemical strategies and advances in expanding and diversifying natural compounds as well as maximizing their production in microbial and plants cells.
天然产物在预防和治疗各种慢性人类疾病方面具有显著的健康益处，如癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病和病原感染。然而，天然产物的分离、鉴定和评估仍然是一个挑战，主要是因为它们的生物利用度有限。代谢工程和发酵技术已经成为在控制条件下产生天然产物的替代方法，可以对这些过程进行优化，以最大限度地提高产量。这些过程的优化包括评估宿主选择、产物生物合成与细胞中心代谢的相互作用、产物降解和副产物形成等因素。本文综述了最近在扩大和多样化天然化合物以及在微生物和植物细胞中最大限度地提高其产量方面的生化策略和进展。
