University of Oregon, USA.
Oregon Social Learning Center, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014 Feb;40:170-80. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.11.015. Epub 2013 Nov 25.
This study examined a neurobiologically informed model of the emergence of child externalizing behaviors in an ethnically diverse community sample of 232 9-12 year old children. Replicating extensive prior research, our analyses revealed that parents' inconsistent discipline and poor quality monitoring were predictive of child externalizing behavior. In addition, poor parental monitoring, but not inconsistent discipline, was associated with children having a significantly flatter morning-to-evening cortisol slope, which was in turn, related to higher levels of externalizing behaviors. An indirect effect of parental monitoring on externalizing behaviors, through child diurnal cortisol rhythms, was also supported. These findings highlight the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its hormonal end product, cortisol, in the relationship between the caregiving environment and the development of externalizing behaviors.
本研究考察了一个神经生物学启发的儿童外化行为出现模型，该模型基于一个 232 名 9-12 岁儿童的种族多样化社区样本。与广泛的先前研究相呼应，我们的分析表明，父母不一致的纪律和较差的质量监测可预测儿童的外化行为。此外，较差的父母监测，但不是不一致的纪律，与儿童具有明显更平坦的早晨到晚上皮质醇斜率相关，而皮质醇斜率反过来又与更高水平的外化行为相关。父母监测通过儿童的日间皮质醇节律对外化行为的间接影响也得到了支持。这些发现强调了下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴及其激素产物皮质醇在养育环境与外化行为发展之间关系中的作用。
