Department of Clinical Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.
MSD Animal Health, Munich, Germany.
Prev Vet Med. 2014 Mar 1;113(4):580-8. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.12.012. Epub 2014 Jan 3.
Different vaccination strategies against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae have been adopted worldwide. Reports from the field indicate varying levels of protection among currently available vaccines. The goal of the present study was to compare the efficacies of three widespread commercial vaccination strategies against M. hyopneumoniae under field conditions. 20 farms were included. 14 farms used different single dose vaccines (vaccine 1 [V1], 8 herds; vaccine 2 [V2], 6 herds); another 6 farms (V3) used a two dose vaccination strategy. Gross lesions of 854 lungs and histopathology from 140 lungs were quantified, and a quantitative PCR was applied to detect M. hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) DNA in lung tissue (n=140). In addition, porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis and Pasteurella multocida were tested by qualitative PCR. 53% of lungs were positive for M. hyopneumoniae. 55.9% of lungs showed macroscopic enzootic pneumonia (EP)-like lesions. Lung lesion scores (P<0.001) and M. hyopneumoniae-loads (P<0.008) differed significantly among the vaccination groups, with the most severe cases and highest amounts occurring in V1. Histological alterations differed (P<0.001) between V1 and V3. Lung lesion scores and histopathological changes were significantly correlated, with prevalence and load of M. hyopneumoniae indicating that the applied diagnostic tools are valuable in confirming the prevalence and severity of M. hyopneumoniae infections. Comparing different vaccination strategies against M. hyopneumoniae indicates varying levels of protection. M. hyopneumoniae is still a major problem despite the widely applied vaccination.
全球范围内采用了不同的支原体肺炎疫苗接种策略。来自现场的报告表明，目前可用的疫苗之间存在保护水平的差异。本研究的目的是在现场条件下比较三种广泛使用的商业疫苗接种策略对支原体肺炎的功效。共有 20 个农场参与。14 个农场使用不同的单剂量疫苗（疫苗 1 [V1]，8 个牛群；疫苗 2 [V2]，6 个牛群）；另外 6 个农场（V3）使用了两剂量接种策略。对 854 个肺的大体病变和 140 个肺的组织病理学进行了量化，并应用定量 PCR 检测肺组织中的支原体肺炎和猪圆环病毒 2（PCV2）DNA（n=140）。此外，通过定性 PCR 检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、猪流感病毒（SIV）、胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌。53%的肺呈支原体肺炎阳性。55.9%的肺呈现出类似地方性肺炎（EP）的大体病变。疫苗接种组之间的肺病变评分（P<0.001）和支原体肺炎负荷（P<0.008）存在显著差异，V1 组的情况最严重，负荷量最高。V1 和 V3 之间的组织学改变存在差异（P<0.001）。肺病变评分与组织病理学变化显著相关，支原体肺炎的流行率和负荷量表明所应用的诊断工具对于证实支原体肺炎感染的流行率和严重程度具有重要价值。比较支原体肺炎的不同疫苗接种策略表明，保护水平存在差异。尽管广泛应用了疫苗，但支原体肺炎仍然是一个主要问题。
