Alonso Ponce Rafael, Ágreda Teresa, Águeda Beatriz, Aldea Jorge, Martínez-Peña Fernando, Modrego María Pilar
Centro de Investigación Forestal de Valonsadero. Consejería de Fomento y Medio Ambiente, Junta de Castilla y León, Apdo. de correos 175, 42080, Soria, Spain,
Mycorrhiza. 2014 Apr;24 Suppl 1:S55-64. doi: 10.1007/s00572-014-0558-7. Epub 2014 Feb 2.
Although the important effects of pH and carbonate content of soils on "black truffle" (Tuber melanosporum) production are well known, we poorly understand the influence of soil physical properties. This study focuses on physical soil characteristics that drive successful production of black truffles in plantations. Seventy-eight Quercus ilex ssp. ballota plantations older than 10 years were studied in the province of Teruel (eastern Spain). Soil samples were analyzed for various edaphic characteristics and to locate T. melanosporum ectomycorrhizae. The influence of cultivation practices, climatic features, and soil properties on sporocarp production was assessed using multivariate analyses. Low contents of fine earth and silt and high levels of bulk density, clay content, and water-holding capacity appear to promote fructification. Watering is also highly positive for truffle fructification. We develop and discuss a logistic model to predict the probability of truffle fructification in field sites under consideration for truffle plantation establishment. The balance between water availability and aeration plays a crucial role in achieving success in black truffle plantations.
尽管土壤的酸碱度和碳酸盐含量对“黑松露”（黑孢块菌）产量的重要影响已广为人知，但我们对土壤物理性质的影响却知之甚少。本研究聚焦于推动人工林中黑松露成功生产的土壤物理特性。在特鲁埃尔省（西班牙东部），对78个树龄超过10年的冬青栎亚种巴洛塔人工林进行了研究。分析了土壤样本的各种土壤特征，并定位了黑孢块菌外生菌根。使用多变量分析评估了栽培方式、气候特征和土壤性质对子实体产量的影响。细土和粉砂含量低、容重、粘土含量和持水量高似乎有利于结实。浇水对松露结实也非常有利。我们开发并讨论了一个逻辑模型，以预测在考虑用于建立松露种植园的田间地点松露结实的概率。水分有效性和通气之间的平衡在黑松露种植园取得成功方面起着关键作用。
