Siverson A V, Titgemeyer E C, Montgomery S P, Oleen B E, Preedy G W, Blasi D A
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506.
J Anim Sci. 2014 Apr;92(4):1604-12. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6839. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
Effects of corn processing and of dietary inclusion of wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) on growth performance and digestibility were analyzed in 2 experiments. Dietary treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial. Diets contained corn as either whole-shelled corn (WSC) or as dry-rolled corn (DRC), and they contained either 47% corn with no WCGF or 29% corn with 30% WCGF. In Exp. 1, 279 crossbred calves (230 kg) were allocated to treatments in a complete block design and were used to measure performance and digestion during a 60-d receiving period. Corn processing did not affect (P ≥ 0.31) growth performance. Inclusion of WCGF in the diet increased final BW and ADG (P = 0.03) but did not affect gain efficiency (P = 0.45). Digestibility of DM was increased (P < 0.01) by dietary inclusion of WCGF, and this response was greater in diets containing DRC than in those containing WSC (interaction P = 0.02). For Exp. 2, a digestibility trial used 5 ruminally cannulated Holstein heifers (248 ± 13 kg BW) in a 4 × 4 Latin square with the additional animal administered the same treatment sequence as another heifer. A tendency (P = 0.09) was observed for heifers fed DRC to have greater DMI than those fed WSC. Dietary WCGF inclusion increased (P ≤ 0.01) DMI. Similar to observations in Exp. 1, DM digestibility was improved by addition of 30% WCGF to diets containing DRC but not diets containing WSC (interaction P = 0.02). Ruminal pH was not affected by corn processing (P = 0.90), but it tended (P = 0.09) to be increased by dietary WCGF additions. Ruminal VFA concentrations were not different between WSC and DRC, but dietary inclusion of 30% WCGF decreased (P < 0.01) acetate concentrations and increased (P = 0.05) butyrate concentrations. Liquid passage rate from the rumen and ruminal liquid volume were not affected by corn processing or dietary WCGF inclusion (P ≥ 0.66). In summary, processing corn had no effect on steer performance, but including WCGF in the diet at 30% of DM increased gains of steers over the 60-d receiving period. Diet digestibility did not follow the same pattern observed for gains and efficiencies.
在两项试验中分析了玉米加工以及日粮中添加湿玉米麸质饲料（WCGF）对生长性能和消化率的影响。日粮处理按2×2析因设计安排。日粮中的玉米分别为带壳整粒玉米（WSC）或干碾压玉米（DRC），且要么含47%玉米且无WCGF，要么含29%玉米和30%WCGF。在试验1中，279头杂交犊牛（230千克）按完全随机区组设计分配至各处理组，用于测定60天育肥期的性能和消化情况。玉米加工对生长性能无影响（P≥0.31）。日粮中添加WCGF提高了末重和平均日增重（P=0.03），但对增重效率无影响（P=0.45）。日粮中添加WCGF提高了干物质消化率（P<0.01），且在含DRC的日粮中这一反应比含WSC的日粮中更大（交互作用P=0.02）。在试验2中，一项消化率试验采用5头装有瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦小母牛（体重248±13千克）进行4×4拉丁方试验，另外一头动物采用与另一头小母牛相同的处理顺序。观察到饲喂DRC的小母牛采食量有高于饲喂WSC的小母牛的趋势（P=0.09）。日粮中添加WCGF提高了采食量（P≤0.01）。与试验1的观察结果相似，在含DRC的日粮中添加30%WCGF提高了干物质消化率，但在含WSC的日粮中未提高（交互作用P=0.02）。瘤胃pH不受玉米加工的影响（P=0.90），但日粮中添加WCGF有提高瘤胃pH 的趋势（P=0.09）。WSC和DRC之间瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸浓度无差异，但日粮中添加30%WCGF降低了乙酸盐浓度（P<0.01），提高了丁酸盐浓度（P=0.05）。瘤胃液体通过率和瘤胃液体积不受玉米加工或日粮中添加WCGF的影响（P≥0.66）。总之，加工玉米对公牛性能无影响，但日粮中以干物质计添加30%WCGF提高了公牛在60天育肥期的增重。日粮消化率与增重和效率的模式不同。
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