蒸汽压片玉米基础日粮中湿酒糟及其可溶物浓度对肥育牛生产性能、胴体特性、养分消化率和瘤胃发酵特性的影响。
Wet distillers grains plus solubles concentration in steam-flaked-corn-based diets: Effects on feedlot cattle performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation characteristics.
机构信息
Texas AgriLife Research, Amarillo 79106, USA.
出版信息
J Anim Sci. 2012 May;90(5):1589-602. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4567. Epub 2011 Dec 6.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of wet distillers grain plus solubles (WDG; <15% sorghum grain) concentration in steam-flaked corn (SFC) diets on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, ruminal fermentation, and diet digestibility. In Exp. 1, six hundred crossbred steers (364 ± 35 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design with 8 replications/treatment. Dietary treatments consisted of a dry-rolled corn (DRC) control diet without WDG, a SFC control without WDG, and SFC with 4 WDG concentrations (15, 30, 45, 60% DM basis) replacing SFC, cottonseed meal, urea, and yellow grease. Final BW, ADG, G:F, HCW, and 12th-rib fat depth were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for SFC compared with DRC. Dry matter intake tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for DRC compared with SFC. Final BW, ADG, G:F, HCW, 12th-rib fat depth, and marbling score decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing WDG concentration. In Exp. 2, six ruminally and duodenally cannulated crossbred steers (481 ± 18 kg of BW) were used in a 6 × 6 Latin square design using the same diets as Exp. 1. Ruminal, postruminal, and total tract OM and NDF digestibility were not different (P > 0.14) for DRC compared with SFC. Ruminal and total tract starch digestibility were greater (P < 0.01) for SFC compared with DRC. Dry matter and OM intake were not different (P ≥ 0.43) among WDG treatments. Ruminal and total tract OM digestibility decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing WDG concentration. Intake, ruminal digestibility, and total tract digestibility of NDF increased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing WDG concentration. Starch intake decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with increasing WDG concentration. Ruminal starch digestibility increased (P = 0.01) with increasing concentration of WDG. Total tract starch digestibility decreased quadratically (P < 0.01) with increasing concentration of WDG. Feeding SFC improved steer performance compared with DRC. The concentration of WDG and corn processing method influences nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation. The addition of WDG in SFC-based diets appears to negatively affect animal performance by diluting the energy density of the diet.
进行了两项实验，以确定蒸汽压片玉米（SFC）日粮中湿酒糟及其可溶物（WDG；<15%的高粱谷物）浓度对育肥牛性能、胴体特性、瘤胃发酵和日粮消化率的影响。在实验 1 中，使用了 600 头杂交阉牛（364±35kg BW），采用随机完全块设计，8 个重复/处理。日粮处理包括不含 WDG 的干压玉米（DRC）对照日粮、不含 WDG 的 SFC 对照日粮以及用 4 种 WDG 浓度（DM 基础的 15%、30%、45%、60%）替代 SFC、棉籽粕、尿素和黄油脂的 SFC 日粮。与 DRC 相比，SFC 组的最终 BW、ADG、G:F、HCW 和第 12 肋骨脂肪深度更高（P≤0.05）。与 SFC 相比，DRC 组的干物质采食量有增加的趋势（P=0.06）。随着 WDG 浓度的增加，最终 BW、ADG、G:F、HCW、第 12 肋骨脂肪深度和大理石纹评分呈线性下降（P<0.01）。在实验 2 中，使用了 6 头瘤胃和十二指肠瘘管杂交阉牛（481±18kg BW），采用与实验 1 相同的日粮，进行了 6×6 拉丁方设计。与 SFC 相比，DRC 组的瘤胃、后肠道和全肠道 OM 和 NDF 消化率没有差异（P>0.14）。与 DRC 相比，SFC 组的瘤胃和全肠道淀粉消化率更高（P<0.01）。WDG 处理之间的干物质和 OM 采食量没有差异（P≥0.43）。瘤胃和全肠道 OM 消化率随 WDG 浓度的增加呈线性下降（P<0.01）。随着 WDG 浓度的增加，NDF 的干物质和 OM 采食量、瘤胃和全肠道消化率呈线性增加（P<0.01）。淀粉采食量随 WDG 浓度的增加呈线性下降（P<0.01）。瘤胃淀粉消化率随 WDG 浓度的增加而增加（P=0.01）。全肠道淀粉消化率随 WDG 浓度的增加呈二次方下降（P<0.01）。与 DRC 相比，SFC 组提高了育肥牛的性能。WDG 浓度和玉米加工方法影响养分消化率和瘤胃发酵。在 SFC 基础日粮中添加 WDG 似乎通过降低日粮的能量密度而对动物性能产生负面影响。
Zotero 插件