Rönn T, Volkov P, Tornberg A, Elgzyri T, Hansson O, Eriksson K-F, Groop L, Ling C
Department of Clinical Sciences, Epigenetics and Diabetes, Lund University Diabetes Centre, CRC, Malmö, Sweden.
Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2014 May;211(1):188-200. doi: 10.1111/apha.12247. Epub 2014 Mar 10.
Adipose tissue has an important function in total energy homeostasis, and its dysregulation may contribute to lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate genome-wide mRNA expression in adipose tissue in healthy men before and after an exercise intervention to identify genes or pathways that mediate the beneficial effect of regular exercise. We also investigated the difference in adipose tissue mRNA expression between individuals with or without a family history of type 2 diabetes.
The 6-month supervised exercise intervention was conducted in 47 healthy men (age 37.8 ± 4.3 years, BMI 28.5 ± 3.6 kg m(-2) ) with a previous low level of physical activity. RNA was analysed using GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays (Affymetrix) before and after the exercise.
We identified 2,560 significant transcripts differentially expressed before vs. after exercise with a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.1%, including genes encoding the respiratory chain, histone subunits, small nucleolar RNAs and ribosomal proteins. Additionally, pathways enriched in response to exercise include the ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome and many metabolic pathways, whereas the WNT and MAPK signalling pathways were down-regulated (FDR < 5%) after exercise. There were no significant differences in mRNA expression between individuals with or without a family history of type 2 diabetes.
Exercise increased the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, which is the opposite of what has been seen in adipose tissue from elderly or obese individuals with low physical fitness, and our study thereby demonstrates a mechanism for the beneficial effect of exercise.
脂肪组织在总体能量平衡中具有重要作用，其功能失调可能导致与生活方式相关的疾病，如2型糖尿病、癌症和心血管疾病。本研究的目的是调查健康男性在运动干预前后脂肪组织中的全基因组mRNA表达，以确定介导规律运动有益作用的基因或通路。我们还研究了有或无2型糖尿病家族史的个体之间脂肪组织mRNA表达的差异。
对47名健康男性（年龄37.8±4.3岁，体重指数28.5±3.6 kg/m²）进行为期6个月的有监督运动干预，这些男性之前身体活动水平较低。在运动前后使用基因芯片人类基因1.0 ST阵列（Affymetrix）分析RNA。
我们鉴定出2560个显著转录本在运动前后差异表达，错误发现率（FDR）<0.1%，包括编码呼吸链、组蛋白亚基、小核仁RNA和核糖体蛋白的基因。此外，对运动有反应的富集通路包括核糖体、氧化磷酸化、蛋白酶体和许多代谢通路，而运动后WNT和MAPK信号通路下调（FDR<5%）。有或无2型糖尿病家族史的个体之间mRNA表达无显著差异。
运动增加了参与氧化磷酸化的基因的表达，这与体能较低的老年人或肥胖个体的脂肪组织中所观察到的情况相反，因此我们的研究证明了运动有益作用的一种机制。
