肝脏再生。
Liver regeneration.
机构信息
Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn.
出版信息
Transl Res. 2014 Apr;163(4):352-62. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
The liver is unique in its ability to regenerate in response to injury. A number of evolutionary safeguards have allowed the liver to continue to perform its complex functions despite significant injury. Increased understanding of the regenerative process has significant benefit in the treatment of liver failure. Furthermore, understanding of liver regeneration may shed light on the development of cancer within the cirrhotic liver. This review provides an overview of the models of study currently used in liver regeneration, the molecular basis of liver regeneration, and the role of liver progenitor cells in regeneration of the liver. Specific focus is placed on clinical applications of current knowledge in liver regeneration, including small-for-size liver transplant. Furthermore, cutting-edge topics in liver regeneration, including in vivo animal models for xenogeneic human hepatocyte expansion and the use of decellularized liver matrices as a 3-dimensional scaffold for liver repopulation, are proposed. Unfortunately, despite 50 years of intense study, many gaps remain in the scientific understanding of liver regeneration.
肝脏具有独特的再生能力，可在受伤后自行修复。一些进化保护机制使肝脏能够在遭受严重损伤的情况下继续执行其复杂的功能。对再生过程的深入了解，对于治疗肝衰竭具有重要意义。此外，对肝脏再生的理解，可能有助于揭示肝硬化患者肝癌的发展机制。本文综述了目前用于肝脏再生研究的模型、肝脏再生的分子基础，以及肝祖细胞在肝脏再生中的作用。特别关注了当前肝脏再生知识在临床中的应用，包括小体积肝移植。此外，还提出了肝脏再生领域的一些前沿课题，包括用于异种人肝细胞扩增的体内动物模型，以及使用去细胞化的肝基质作为肝脏再植的 3D 支架。不幸的是，尽管经过 50 年的深入研究，科学界对肝脏再生的理解仍存在许多空白。
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