Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, 491 Gordon Street, University of Guelph, Animal Science/Nutrition Building, Room 342, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Food Funct. 2014 Mar;5(3):426-35. doi: 10.1039/c3fo60551e.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. CVD remains the number one cause of mortality in the West, while NAFLD is the most common liver disease. Growing evidence suggests that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) influence risk factors including circulating lipids and inflammation on the development of CVD and NAFLD. N - 6 and n - 3 PUFA are comprised of distinct family members, which are increasingly recognized for their individual effects. Therefore, this review examines what is currently known about the specific effects of the major n - 3 and n - 6 PUFA on CVD and NAFLD. Overall, this review supports a beneficial effect of n - 3 PUFA and highlights distinctive effects between alpha-linolenic acid found in plant oils relative to marine derived eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. This review also highlights contrasting health effects between the n - 6 PUFA, linoleic and arachidonic acid.
心血管疾病（CVD）和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是代谢综合征的表现。CVD 仍然是西方头号死亡原因，而 NAFLD 是最常见的肝脏疾病。越来越多的证据表明，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）影响包括循环脂质和炎症在内的心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝病发展的危险因素。n-6 和 n-3 PUFA 由不同的家族成员组成，它们的个体作用越来越受到重视。因此，本综述考察了主要的 n-3 和 n-6 PUFA 对 CVD 和 NAFLD 的具体影响。总的来说，本综述支持 n-3 PUFA 的有益作用，并强调了植物油脂中发现的α-亚麻酸与海洋来源的二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸之间的独特作用。本综述还强调了 n-6 PUFA 亚油酸和花生四烯酸之间的健康作用的差异。
