Vorwerk U, Vorwerk T, Vorwerk W
HNO-Klinik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, HELIOS Hanseklinikum Stralsund, Deutschland.
Zentralbl Chir. 2015 Feb;140(1):52-62. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1351084. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
The separation of laryngology and rhinology from the medical field and of otology from the surgical field in the 1850s led to the development of an independent field: the ear, nose and throat diseases, head and neck surgery. Therefore, oto-rhino-laryngology (ORL) has its roots in surgery. Concerning this and considering common anatomic circumstances, ORL medical aspects should be relevant to the surgeon. This concerns traumatological cases, the problem of difficult intubation and the common treatment of a series of illnesses of the upper aerodigestive tract, in particular problems of the major tumour surgery.
19世纪50年代，喉科学和鼻科学从医学领域分离出来，耳科学从外科学领域分离出来，从而促成了一个独立领域的发展：耳鼻喉疾病、头颈外科。因此，耳鼻喉科学（ORL）起源于外科。鉴于此并考虑到常见的解剖情况，ORL的医学方面对外科医生来说应该是相关的。这涉及创伤病例、困难插管问题以及一系列上呼吸道消化道疾病的常规治疗，尤其是重大肿瘤手术的问题。
