Tubbs R Shane, Veith Philip, Griessenauer Christoph J, Loukas Marios, Cohen-Gadol Aaron A
Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States ; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University, Grenada.
Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University, Grenada.
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2014 Feb;75(1):8-10. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1349787. Epub 2013 Aug 9.
Objectives The trochlear nerve is important to preserve during approaches to the skull base. Traditionally, this nerve has been divided into cisternal, cavernous, and orbital segments. However, the authors anecdotally observed an additional segment during routine cadaveric dissections. Therefore, they performed this study to better elucidate this anatomy. Design Twenty latex-injected cadaveric sides (10 adult cadavers) were dissected with the aid of an operating microscope. Standard microdissection techniques were used to examine the course of the distal cisternal and precavernous segments of the trochlear nerve. Setting Cadaver laboratory. Main Outcome Measures Measurements were made using a microcaliper. Digital images were made of the dissections. Results The authors identified a previously undescribed segment of the trochlear nerve in all specimens. This part of the nerve coursed between the entrance of the trochlear nerve into the posterior corner of the oculomotor trigone to the posterior wall of the cavernous sinus. This segment of trochlear nerve was, on average, 4 mm in length. Conclusions The authors have identified a new segment of the trochlear nerve not previously described. They propose that this be referred to as the trigonal segment. Knowledge of the microanatomy of the trochlear nerve is useful to skull base surgeons.
滑车神经在颅底手术入路中需要予以保留，至关重要。传统上，该神经被分为脑池段、海绵窦段和眶内段。然而，作者在常规尸体解剖中偶然观察到一个额外的节段。因此，他们开展了本研究以更好地阐明该解剖结构。
在手术显微镜辅助下解剖20侧注射乳胶的尸体标本（10具成年尸体）。采用标准显微解剖技术检查滑车神经远端脑池段和海绵窦前段的走行。
尸体实验室。
使用微量卡尺进行测量。对解剖过程拍摄数字图像。
作者在所有标本中均发现了一个此前未被描述的滑车神经节段。该神经节段走行于滑车神经进入动眼神经三角后角处至海绵窦后壁之间。该段滑车神经平均长度为4毫米。
作者发现了一个此前未被描述的滑车神经新节段。他们建议将其称为三角段。滑车神经显微解剖知识对颅底外科医生很有用。
