沟通观念、家庭适应性与凝聚力：新诊断出患有癌症的青少年及其父母的比较
Perceptions of communication, family adaptability and cohesion: a comparison of adolescents newly diagnosed with cancer and their parents.
作者信息
Phillips-Salimi Celeste R, Robb Sheri L, Monahan Patrick O, Dossey Amy, Haase Joan E
出版信息
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2014;26(1):19-26. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2012-0105.
PURPOSE
To describe and compare adolescent and parent perspectives on communication, family adaptability and cohesion, as well as relationships among these variables, during the first month of an adolescent's cancer diagnosis.
METHODS
Seventy adolescent-parent dyads were enrolled as part of a larger multi-site study. The adolescents ranged in age from 11 to 19, and 61% were males. Parents were predominately mothers (83%). Dyads were predominately non-Hispanic Caucasian (63%). Measures included the Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES II). Paired t-tests, Pearson correlations, intra-class correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analyses were completed.
RESULTS
Adolescent scores on communication, family adaptability and cohesion were significantly lower than parent scores. The inter-dyadic agreement between adolescents and parents was low. Communication, family adaptability and cohesion were examined separately for adolescents and for parents, and significant relationships were found. Both adolescent- and parent-perceived communication was significantly associated with family adaptability and cohesion outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Differences were found in adolescent and parent perceptions of communication, family adaptability and cohesion. When both adolescents and parents had better perceived communication, this was associated with better perceived family adaptability and cohesion. Results suggest that the development of interventions to enhance adolescent-parent communication could help foster better family adaptability and cohesion, which may ultimately impact their psychological adjustment. In addition, understanding the degree to which adolescents and parents disagree on their perceptions, including the results that parents generally have more favorable perceptions, may be a useful starting point when developing interventions.
目的
描述并比较青少年及其父母对于青少年癌症诊断后首月内沟通情况、家庭适应性与凝聚力，以及这些变量之间关系的看法。
方法
作为一项更大规模多中心研究的一部分，招募了70对青少年-父母二元组。青少年年龄在11至19岁之间，61%为男性。父母主要是母亲（83%）。二元组主要是非西班牙裔白人（63%）。测量工具包括亲子沟通量表和家庭适应性与凝聚力评估量表（FACES II）。完成了配对t检验、Pearson相关性分析、组内相关系数分析和多元线性回归分析。
结果
青少年在沟通、家庭适应性和凝聚力方面的得分显著低于父母得分。青少年与父母之间的二元组内一致性较低。分别对青少年和父母的沟通、家庭适应性和凝聚力进行了考察，发现了显著的关系。青少年和父母感知到的沟通都与家庭适应性和凝聚力结果显著相关。
结论
青少年和父母在沟通、家庭适应性和凝聚力的认知上存在差异。当青少年和父母都感觉沟通更好时，这与更好的家庭适应性和凝聚力相关。结果表明，开发旨在加强青少年-父母沟通的干预措施可能有助于促进更好的家庭适应性和凝聚力，这最终可能影响他们的心理调适。此外，了解青少年和父母在认知上的分歧程度，包括父母总体上认知更积极的结果，可能是开发干预措施时有用的起点。
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