Khanna Atul, Filobbos George
Department of Plastic Surgery, Sandwell General Hospital, Lyndon, West Bromwich, West Midlands, UK.
Indian J Plast Surg. 2013 May;46(2):393-400. doi: 10.4103/0970-0358.118618.
The origin of liposuction can be traced to an adverse event by Dujarrier in 1921 when he used a uterine curette to remove fat from the knees of a ballerina ending in an amputation secondary to damage of the femoral artery. The history of liposuction since then has been one of avoiding complications and optimising outcome. After this adverse event, liposuction was abandoned until the 1960's when Schrudde revived the practice using small stab incisions and sharp curettage with the secondary suction to aspirate the freed tissue. This technique was associated with a high incidence of complications especially seroma and skin necrosis. Illouz then replaced the curette with a blunt cannula connected to vacuum pump thus avoiding the complications of a sharp curette. Despite the presence of various techniques for liposuction, suction assisted liposuction (SAL) is still the standard technique of liposuction. This article aims to discuss literature regarding the various aspects of liposuction (SAL) and to highlight the salient points in the literature and in the senior author's experience in order to avoid unfavourable outcomes in liposuction. A literature review on avoiding complication is in liposuction including some of the seminal papers on liposuction. Liposuction is generally a safe procedure with reproducible outcome. Just like any surgical procedure it should be treated with the utmost care. Illouz published 10 commandments for liposuction in 1989 and we review these commandments to demonstrate how liposuction has evolved.
抽脂术的起源可以追溯到1921年杜贾里尔的一次不良事件，当时他用子宫刮匙从一名芭蕾舞女演员的膝盖上移除脂肪，最终因股动脉损伤导致截肢。从那时起，抽脂术的历史就是一部避免并发症和优化手术效果的历史。在这次不良事件之后，抽脂术被摒弃，直到20世纪60年代，施鲁德重新采用该手术，他使用小切口和锐性刮除术，再辅以抽吸来吸出游离的组织。这项技术并发症发生率很高，尤其是血清肿和皮肤坏死。随后，伊洛兹用连接真空泵的钝头套管取代了刮匙，从而避免了锐性刮匙带来的并发症。尽管存在各种抽脂技术，但吸脂辅助抽脂术（SAL）仍是抽脂的标准技术。本文旨在讨论有关抽脂术（SAL）各个方面的文献，并突出文献中的要点以及资深作者的经验，以避免抽脂术中出现不良后果。对抽脂术中避免并发症的文献进行综述，包括一些关于抽脂术的开创性论文。抽脂术总体上是一种安全的手术，效果可重复。就像任何外科手术一样，都应该极其谨慎地对待。伊洛兹在1989年发表了抽脂术的十条戒律，我们回顾这些戒律以展示抽脂术是如何发展的。
