Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI.
Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI.
Compr Psychiatry. 2014 May;55(4):989-98. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.09.017. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
Several personality disorders (PDs) have been of interest in the clinical literature, yet failed to have been adequately represented in the diagnostic manuals. Some of these are masochistic, self-defeating, depressive, and narcissistic PDs. The theoretical and empirical relationships among these disorders are reviewed. It is proposed that a particular type of self-structure, malignant self-regard (MSR), may account for similarities among all of them and provide a better framework upon which to understand the nature of these personality types and their discrimination from related constructs. Subsequently, a questionnaire to assess MSR was created and evaluated for its psychometric properties. The measure was found to be reliable (Cronbach's alpha=.93) and valid, given its correlations with measures of self-defeating, depressive, and vulnerably narcissistic personalities (rs range from .66 to .76). MSR also can be meaningfully differentiated from a nomological network of related constructs, including neuroticism, extraversion, depression, and grandiose narcissism. The utility of assessing self-structures, such as MSR, in the diagnostic manuals is discussed.
几种人格障碍（PD）在临床文献中引起了关注，但在诊断手册中没有得到充分体现。其中一些是受虐狂、自我挫败、抑郁和自恋型人格障碍。本文回顾了这些障碍之间的理论和经验关系。有人提出，一种特殊类型的自我结构，恶性自我重视（MSR），可能可以解释它们之间的相似之处，并为理解这些人格类型的本质及其与相关结构的区分提供更好的框架。随后，创建了一个评估 MSR 的问卷，并评估了其心理测量特性。该测量具有可靠性（Cronbach's alpha=.93）和有效性，因为它与自我挫败、抑郁和脆弱自恋人格的测量相关（rs 范围为.66 至.76）。MSR 也可以与相关结构的一个范畴网络有意义地区分，包括神经质、外向性、抑郁和夸大自恋。评估自我结构（如 MSR）在诊断手册中的效用也进行了讨论。
