Rabelo Rafael Magalhães, Silva Felipe Ennes, Vieira Tatiana, Ferreira-Ferreira Jefferson, Paim Fernanda Pozzan, Dutra Wallace, de Souza e Silva Júnior José, Valsecchi João
Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Estrada do Bexiga, 2584, Bairro Fonte Boa, Tefé, AM, 69550-000, Brazil.
Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brazil.
Primates. 2014 Apr;55(2):167-71. doi: 10.1007/s10329-014-0409-3. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
The black-faced black spider monkey (Ateles chamek) is endangered because of hunting and habitat loss. There are many gaps in our understanding of its geographic distribution. The Ucayali-Solimões-Amazon fluvial complex is currently recognized as the northern boundary of the species' range, although published reports have indicated that it occurs north of the Rio Solimões. In this study we investigate published records, generate new field records, and assess the current information concerning the northern boundary of this species' range. We conducted the study at the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve in the central Brazilian Amazon, an area of 1,124,000 ha that consists entirely of Amazonian flooded forest (várzea). We collected data on the occurrence of the species from museum specimens and through field surveys, including interviews with local residents, direct observations, and the collection of new museum specimens. We confirmed the presence of A. chamek at 17 locations in the reserve, one of which was an island formed by a river bend cut-off that would have effectively taken any resident spider to the (new) north bank of the Solimões. We therefore conclude that fluvial dynamics were involved in creating the conditions for the dispersal and colonization of the species on the northern bank of the Rio Solimões. The data we present extends the known distribution of the species and increases its representation in protected areas.
黑脸黑蜘蛛猴（Ateles chamek）因捕猎和栖息地丧失而濒危。我们对其地理分布的了解存在许多空白。乌卡亚利 - 索利蒙伊斯 - 亚马逊河流水系目前被认为是该物种分布范围的北部边界，尽管已发表的报告表明它出现在索利蒙伊斯河以北。在本研究中，我们调查已发表的记录，生成新的实地记录，并评估有关该物种分布范围北部边界的现有信息。我们在巴西亚马逊中部的马米拉瓦可持续发展保护区开展了这项研究，该保护区面积为112.4万公顷，完全由亚马逊河泛滥森林（várzea）组成。我们从博物馆标本以及通过实地调查收集该物种出现的数据，包括与当地居民的访谈、直接观察以及新博物馆标本的采集。我们在保护区的17个地点证实了A. chamek的存在，其中一个地点是由河流弯道截断形成的岛屿，这实际上会将任何栖息的蜘蛛带到索利蒙伊斯河的（新）北岸。因此，我们得出结论，河流动力学参与了为该物种在索利蒙伊斯河北岸的扩散和定殖创造条件。我们提供的数据扩展了该物种的已知分布范围，并增加了其在保护区中的代表性。
