Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
J Hum Kinet. 2013 Dec 31;39:67-72. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2013-0069. eCollection 2013 Dec 18.
The concept of kinematic chains has been systematically applied to biological systems since the 1950s. The course of a ski jump can be characterized as a change between closed and open kinematic chains. The purpose of this study was to determine a relationship between adjacent segments within the ski jumper's body's kinematic chain during the in-run phase of the ski jump. The in-run positions of 267 elite male ski jumpers who participated in the FIS World Cup events in Innsbruck, Austria, between 1992 and 2001 were analyzed (656 jumps). Two-dimensional (2-D) kinematic data were collected from the bodies of the subjects. Relationships between adjacent segments of the kinematic chain in the ski jumper's body at the in-run position are greater nearer the chain's ground contact. The coefficient of determination between the ankle and knee joint angles is 0.67. Changes in the segments' positions in the kinematic chain of the ski jumper's body are stable during longitudinal assessment. Changes in shank and thigh positions, in the sense of increase or decrease, are the same.
自 20 世纪 50 年代以来，运动链的概念已被系统地应用于生物系统。滑雪跳跃的过程可以描述为封闭和开放运动链之间的变化。本研究的目的是确定在滑雪跳跃的助滑阶段，滑雪运动员身体运动链中相邻节段之间的关系。对 1992 年至 2001 年期间在奥地利因斯布鲁克举行的 FIS 世界杯比赛中参加的 267 名优秀男性滑雪跳跃者的 656 次跳跃的助滑位置进行了分析。从受试者的身体收集了二维（2-D）运动学数据。在助滑位置，运动链中相邻节段之间的关系在更接近地面接触的位置更大。踝关节和膝关节角度之间的确定系数为 0.67。在纵向评估期间，滑雪运动员身体运动链中各节段位置的变化是稳定的。小腿和大腿位置的变化（增加或减少）是相同的。
