Hong In-Sun, Lee Hwa-Yong, Kang Kyung-Sun
Department of Molecular Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Industry-academic cooperation foundation, Jungwon University, Chungbuk, Korea.
Mutat Res. 2014 Oct;768:98-106. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
There is increasing evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability to migrate and engraft into tumor sites and exert stimulatory effects on cancer cell growth, invasion and even metastasis through direct and/or indirect interaction with tumor cells. However, these pro-tumorigenic effects of MSCs are still being discovered and may even involve opposing effects. MSCs can be friends or enemies of cancer cells: they may stimulate tumor development by regulating immune surveillance, growth, and angiogenesis. On the other hand, they may inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting survival signaling such as Wnt and Akt pathway. MSCs have also been proposed as an attractive candidate for the delivery of anti-tumor agents, owing to their ability to home into tumor sites and to secrete cytokines. Detailed information about the mutual interactions between tumor cells and MSCs will undoubtedly lead to safer and more effective clinical therapy for tumors. In this article, we summarize a number of findings to provide current information on the potential roles of MSCs in tumor development; we then discuss the therapeutic potential of engineered MSCs to reveal any meaningful clinical applications.
越来越多的证据表明，间充质干细胞（MSC）具有迁移并植入肿瘤部位的能力，并通过与肿瘤细胞的直接和/或间接相互作用，对癌细胞的生长、侵袭甚至转移发挥刺激作用。然而，MSC的这些促肿瘤作用仍在不断被发现，甚至可能涉及相反的作用。MSC可能是癌细胞的朋友或敌人：它们可能通过调节免疫监视、生长和血管生成来刺激肿瘤发展。另一方面，它们可能通过抑制诸如Wnt和Akt信号通路等生存信号来抑制肿瘤生长。由于MSC具有归巢到肿瘤部位并分泌细胞因子的能力，它们也被认为是递送抗肿瘤药物的有吸引力的候选者。关于肿瘤细胞与MSC之间相互作用的详细信息无疑将为肿瘤带来更安全、更有效的临床治疗。在本文中，我们总结了一些研究结果，以提供关于MSC在肿瘤发展中潜在作用的当前信息；然后我们讨论工程化MSC的治疗潜力，以揭示任何有意义的临床应用。
