Cochrane Kristen C, Housh Terry J, Bergstrom Haley C, Jenkins Nathaniel D M, Johnson Glen O, Housh Dona J, Traylor Daniel A, Lewis Robert W, Schmidt Richard J, Cramer Joel T
1Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska; and 2Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Feb;29(2):408-15. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000405.
The purposes of this study were to: (a) examine the age-related patterns of differences in height (HT), body mass (BM), percent body fat (% fat), body mass index (BMI), and skinfolds (SF) in 11- to 18-year-old wrestlers; (b) determine the coherence of direct (% fat) and indirect (BMI and SFs) indicators of adiposity in the wrestlers; and (c) compare the age-related patterns and mean values for HT, BM, BMI, subscapular, and triceps SF for the wrestlers to those of national samples of boys from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. One hundred thirty wrestlers were divided into 8 independent yearly age groups (AG): AG11-AG18 years. Height, BM, BMI, subscapular SF, triceps SF, medial calf SF, thigh SF, sum of SFs, and % fat were assessed. There were no differences between the wrestlers and NHANES samples for age-related patterns of BMI (0.61 and 0.63 kg·m·y), subscapular SF (0.47 and 0.37 mm·y), or triceps SF (-0.31 and -0.39 mm·y). Furthermore, the wrestlers displayed no differences in % fat between age groups. The results indicated that: (a) dissociations existed between the direct and indirect indicators of adiposity; (b) the wrestlers were similar in height but had smaller upper-body SFs when compared with NHANES samples; and (c) participation in wrestling (1-8 years) had no adverse effects on the normal age-related growth patterns for HT, but favorable effects on measures of adiposity.
(a) 研究11至18岁摔跤运动员身高（HT）、体重（BM）、体脂百分比（% fat）、体重指数（BMI）和皮褶厚度（SF）的年龄相关差异模式；(b) 确定摔跤运动员肥胖的直接指标（% fat）和间接指标（BMI和SFs）之间的一致性；(c) 将摔跤运动员的HT、BM、BMI、肩胛下和肱三头肌SF的年龄相关模式及平均值与国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中全国男孩样本的进行比较。130名摔跤运动员被分为8个独立的年度年龄组（AG）：AG11 - AG18岁。评估了身高、BM、BMI、肩胛下SF、肱三头肌SF、小腿内侧SF、大腿SF、SF总和及% fat。摔跤运动员与NHANES样本在BMI（0.61和0.63 kg·m·y）、肩胛下SF（0.47和0.37 mm·y）或肱三头肌SF（-0.31和-0.39 mm·y）的年龄相关模式上没有差异。此外，摔跤运动员在各年龄组之间的% fat没有差异。结果表明：(a) 肥胖的直接指标和间接指标之间存在分离；(b) 与NHANES样本相比，摔跤运动员身高相似，但上身SF较小；(c) 参与摔跤运动（1 - 8年）对HT的正常年龄相关生长模式没有不利影响，但对肥胖指标有有利影响。
