Shortliffe Linda M Dairiki, Ye Youxin, Behr Barry, Wang Bingyin
Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology (BB), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Departments of Urology and Obstetrics and Gynecology (BB), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
J Urol. 2014 Jun;191(6):1913-9. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.012. Epub 2014 Feb 8.
Testosterone affects male development, maturation and aging but limited data exist on testosterone effects on the juvenile genitourinary system. We hypothesized that testosterone has bladder and kidney developmental effects, and investigated this in juvenile male rats.
To examine the testosterone effect 21-day-old prepubertal male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 12 each, including sham orchiectomy as controls, and bilateral orchiectomy with vehicle and bilateral orchiectomy with testosterone. Starting at age 28 days (week 0) testosterone enanthate (5 mg/100 gm) or vehicle was injected weekly. Testosterone was measured at study week 0 before injection, and at weeks 1, 6 and 16. Whole bladders and kidneys were evaluated for androgen receptor, bladder collagen-to-smooth muscle ratio, and renal morphometry and immunohistochemistry.
Testosterone was not detectable at week 0 in all groups. It remained undetectable at weeks 1, 6 and 16 in the orchiectomy plus vehicle group. Testosterone levels were physiological in controls and rats with orchiectomy plus testosterone but levels were higher in the latter than in the former group. Rats with orchiectomy plus testosterone had increased bladder-to-body and kidney-to-body weight ratios (p<0.01 and <0.05, respectively), and decreased collagen-to-smooth muscle ratio than the orchiectomy plus vehicle and control groups. Rats with orchiectomy plus testosterone had a lower renal total glomerular count (p<0.01) but increased androgen receptor density.
In juvenile male rats testosterone was associated with increased bladder and renal mass, and increased bladder smooth muscle. Testosterone associated kidneys also appeared to have fewer but larger glomeruli. These data support an important role for sex hormones in structural and functional development of the bladder and kidney.
睾酮影响男性发育、成熟和衰老，但关于睾酮对青少年泌尿生殖系统影响的数据有限。我们假设睾酮对膀胱和肾脏发育有影响，并在幼年雄性大鼠中进行了研究。
为研究睾酮的作用，将21日龄青春期前雄性Wistar大鼠分为3组，每组12只，包括假去势作为对照组、双侧去势加赋形剂组和双侧去势加睾酮组。从28日龄（第0周）开始，每周注射庚酸睾酮（5mg/100g）或赋形剂。在研究第0周注射前、第1、6和16周测量睾酮水平。对整个膀胱和肾脏进行雄激素受体、膀胱胶原蛋白与平滑肌比例、肾脏形态学和免疫组织化学评估。
所有组在第0周均未检测到睾酮。去势加赋形剂组在第1、6和16周仍未检测到睾酮。对照组和去势加睾酮组的睾酮水平处于生理范围，但后者高于前者。去势加睾酮组的膀胱与体重和肾脏与体重之比增加（分别为p<0.01和<0.05），胶原蛋白与平滑肌比例低于去势加赋形剂组和对照组。去势加睾酮组的肾脏总肾小球计数较低（p<0.01），但雄激素受体密度增加。
在幼年雄性大鼠中，睾酮与膀胱和肾脏质量增加以及膀胱平滑肌增加有关。与睾酮相关的肾脏似乎肾小球数量较少但体积较大。这些数据支持性激素在膀胱和肾脏结构和功能发育中起重要作用。
